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Detecting non-typhoid Salmonella in humans by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs): practical and epidemiological aspects.
[typhoid]
Salmonellosis
caused
by
non-
typhoid
Salmonella
serotypes
is
one
of
the
most
common
causes
of
food-borne
illness
throughout
the
world
.
The
diagnosis
is
primarily
by
culture
and
more
recently
molecular
methods
,
whereas
the
use
of
serological
methods
for
diagnosis
of
Salmonella
infections
is
limited
by
high
running
costs
as
well
as
low
sensitivity
and
specificity
.
Fast
and
reliable
immunoassays
for
detection
of
S
.
typhi
subunit
antigens
are
commercially
available
,
but
there
is
no
international
consensus
of
similar
tests
for
non-
typhoid
salmonellosis
.
Most
immunoassays
for
non-
typhoid
human
Salmonella
diagnosis
are
developed
in
-house
and
used
in
-house
for
research
or
regional
surveillance
purposes
.
Only
few
laboratories
use
serology
for
the
diagnosis
of
Salmonella-associated
complications
such
as
arthritis
.
Considering
the
current
burden
of
disease
,
the
development
of
a
validated
and
standardized
,
commercially
available
antibody
assay
for
diagnosing
non-
typhoid
human
salmonellosis
can
be
of
great
benefit
for
diagnostic
and
surveillance
purposes
throughout
the
world
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"used in-house for research or regional surveillance purposes"
symptom
typhoid
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