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Antityphoid and radical scavenging properties of the methanol extracts and compounds from the aerial part of Paullinia pinnata.
[typhoid]
Paullinia
pinnata
Linn
(
Sapindaceae
)
is
a
medicinal
plant
,
locally
used
in
the
West
Region
of
Cameroon
for
the
treatment
of
typhoid
fever
.
This
work
was
designed
to
evaluate
the
antityphoid
and
antioxidant
activities
of
the
extracts
and
compounds
of
P
.
pinnata
.
The
methanol
extracts
of
the
leaves
and
stems
were
tested
for
antityphoid
and
antioxidant
activities
.
Compounds
were
isolated
,
and
their
structures
elucidated
by
analysis
of
spectroscopic
data
in
conjuction
with
literature
data
and
tested
for
the
same
activities
.
The
leaf
extract
was
also
tested
in
vivo
for
its
antityphoid
potential
in
a
Salmonella
typhimurium-induced
typhoid
fever
model
in
Wistar
rats
.
Seven
known
compounds
:
methylinositol
(
1
)
,
β-sitosterol
(
2
)
,
friedelin
(
3
)
,
3
β-
(
β-
D-Glucopyranosyloxy
)
stigmast-
5
-
ene
(
4
)
,
(
3
β
)
-
3
-
O-
(
2
'
-
Acetamido-
2
'
-
deoxy-β-
D-
glucopyranosyl
)
oleanolic
acid
(
5
)
,
(
3
β
,
16
α-hydroxy
)
-
3
-
O-
(
2
'
-
Acetamido-
2
'
-
deoxy-β-
D-
glucopyranosyl
)
echinocystic
acid
(
6
)
and
(
3
β
,
)
-
3
-
O-
[
β-
D-
glucopyranosyl-
(
1
″
-
3
'
)
-
2
'
-
acetamido-
2
'
-
deoxy-β-
D-
galactopyranosyl
]
oleanolic
acid
(
7
)
were
isolated
.
Compounds
5
and
1
showed
the
highest
antibacterial
(
MIC
 
=
 
0
.
781
-
1
.
562
Â
μg
/
ml
)
and
DPPH
radical
scavenging
(
RSa
50
 
=
 
19
.
27
 
±
 
4
.
43
Â
μg
/
ml
)
activities
respectively
.
The
maximum
extract
dose
(
446
.
00
Â
mg
/
kg
bw
)
had
comparable
activity
with
ciprofloxacin
(
7
.
14
Â
mg
/
kg
bw
)
and
oxytetracycline
(
5
Â
mg
/
kg
bw
)
.
The
extract
induced
significant
dose-dependent
increase
of
WBCs
and
lymphocytes
.
These
results
support
the
ethnomedicinal
use
of
P
.
pinnata
and
its
isolated
Compounds
could
be
useful
in
the
standardization
of
antityphoid
phytomedicine
from
it
.
