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Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Label-Free Detection of Salmonella using DNA Self Assembly.
[typhoid]
Typhoid
is
re
-emerging
as
a
biggest
health
threat
to
third
world
countries
.
One
of
the
major
challenge
is
false
negative
diagnosis
using
existing
immunodiagnostic
methods
due
to
overlapping
symptoms
of
other
infections
(
like
brucellosis
,
malaria
,
hepatitis
)
that
mimic
this
enteric
fever
(
typhoid
)
.
Surface
plasmon
resonance
(
SPR
)
based
DNA
hybridisation
biosensor
has
been
fabricated
by
generating
self-assembled
monolayer
of
5
'
-
thiolated
single
-stranded
DNA
(
ssDNA
)
probe
onto
gold
surface
.
Highly
specific
DNA
probe
has
been
selected
from
conserved
Vi
capsular
antigen
gene
of
Salmonella
enterica
serovars
typhi
.
This
DNA
biosensor
has
been
investigated
for
label-free
real-time
monitoring
of
Salmonella
.
Interestingly
,
0
.
019
ng
mL
(
-
1
)
(
2
fM
)
is
the
lowest
detected
concentration
in
PBS
with
association
(
k
a
)
and
dissociation
(
k
d
)
rate
constants
to
be
k
a
(
M
(
-
1
)
Â
s
(
-
1
)
)
 
=
 
6
.
68
 
×
 
10
(
4
)
 
±
 
2
.
3
and
k
d
(
s
(
-
1
)
)
 
=
 
5
.
6
 
×
 
10
(
-
3
)
 
±
 
0
.
01
,
respectively
.
This
biosensor
was
successfully
demonstrated
to
distinguish
complementary
,
non-complementary
and
one
-base
mismatch
sequences
and
reusability
up
to
40
hybridisation
cycles
at
room
temperature
.
Successful
results
were
obtained
for
hybridisation
studies
of
genomic
DNA
isolated
from
spiked
urine
sample
.
Performance
characteristics
of
this
biosensing
device
suggested
further
scope
to
fine-tune
such
DNA-based
assays
to
be
implied
for
clinical
,
food
and
environmental
applications
.
