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Cost of illness due to typhoid Fever in pemba, zanzibar, East Africa.
[typhoid]
The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
estimate
the
economic
burden
of
typhoid
fever
in
Pemba
,
Zanzibar
,
East
Africa
.
This
study
was
an
incidence-based
cost-of-illness
analysis
from
a
societal
perspective
.
It
covered
new
episodes
of
blood
culture-confirmed
typhoid
fever
in
patients
presenting
at
the
outpatient
or
inpatient
departments
of
three
district
hospitals
between
May
2010
and
December
2010
.
Cost
of
illness
was
the
sum
of
direct
costs
and
costs
for
productivity
loss
.
Direct
costs
covered
treatment
,
travel
,
and
meals
.
Productivity
costs
were
loss
of
income
by
patients
and
caregivers
.
The
analysis
included
17
episodes
.
The
mean
age
of
the
patients
,
was
23
years
(
range
=
5
-
65
,
median
=
22
)
.
Thirty
-
five
percent
were
inpatients
,
with
a
mean
of
4
.
75
days
of
hospital
stay
(
range
=
3
-
7
,
median
=
4
.
50
)
.
The
mean
cost
for
treatment
alone
during
hospital
care
was
US
$
21
.
97
at
2010
prices
(
US
$
1
=
1
,
430
.
50
Tanzanian
Shilling
─
TSH
)
.
The
average
societal
cost
was
US
$
154
.
47
per
typhoid
episode
.
The
major
expenditure
was
productivity
cost
due
to
lost
wages
of
US
$
128
.
02
(
83
%
)
.
Our
results
contribute
to
the
further
economic
evaluation
of
typhoid
fever
vaccination
in
Zanzibar
and
other
sub-
Saharan
African
countries
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"fever"
symptom
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
acute rheumatic fever
alexander disease
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
child syndrome
congenital toxoplasmosis
cushing syndrome
cystinuria
dracunculiasis
erdheim-chester disease
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
familial mediterranean fever
focal myositis
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
lamellar ichthyosis
legionellosis
locked-in syndrome
malignant atrophic papulosis
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
scrub typhus
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
typhoid
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
This symptom has already been validated