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The incidence of trochlear dysplasia in anterior cruciate ligament tears.
[trochlear dysplasia]
The
purpose
of
the
present
epidemiologic
study
is
to
record
the
radiographic
presence
of
trochlear
dysplasia
and
patella
alta
in
patients
who
undergo
anterior
cruciate
ligament
(
ACL
)
reconstruction
as
a
potential
underlying
factor
for
post-operative
anterior
knee
pain
(
AKP
)
.
All
consecutive
cases
of
skeletally-mature
ACL-
deficient
knees
that
would
undergo
ACL
reconstruction
in
three
different
hospitals
were
prospectively
included
during
a
six
-
month
period
.
Inclusion
criteria
were
acute
and
sub-
acute
ACL
injury
with
no
previous
ipsilateral
knee
operation
.
Patients
with
chronic
ACL
tears
,
prior-
to
-
ACL-injury
history
of
patellar
instability
or
other
PF
disorders
were
excluded
from
the
study
.
A
total
of
299
knees
were
included
(
mean
age
32
 
±
 
ten
years
)
.
Forty
-
four
(
14
.
7
%
)
knees
had
a
positive
'
crossing
sign
'
in
the
lateral
X-
rays
and
255
(
85
.
3
%
)
had
no
sign
of
trochlear
dysplasia
(
p
 
<
 
0
.
01
)
.
Among
the
cases
with
trochlear
dysplasia
,
41
(
93
%
)
had
type
A
trochlear
dysplasia
with
the
presence
only
of
the
'
crossing
sign
'
and
three
(
7
%
)
had
type
C
trochlear
dysplasia
.
Patellar
height
results
included
a
mean
Caton
-
Deschamps
index
of
1
.
0
 
±
 
0
.
14
(
0
.
5
-
1
.
4
)
.
Twenty
(
6
.
6
%
)
knees
had
an
index
of
less
than
0
.
8
,
and
two
(
0
.
6
%
)
knees
had
an
index
less
than
0
.
6
.
In
contrast
,
15
(
5
.
0
%
)
knees
had
an
abnormal
value
of
more
than
1
.
2
,
indicating
patella
alta
.
The
most
important
finding
of
the
study
is
the
increased
prevalence
of
trochlear
dysplasia
and
patella
alta
in
patients
with
ACL
injury
,
when
compared
to
the
incidence
of
trochlear
dysplasia
and
patella
alta
in
the
general
population
in
the
literature
.
This
finding
could
sound
as
an
alert
of
a
possible
additional
risk
factor
for
post-operative
anterior
knee
pain
after
ACL
reconstruction
.
