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Imaging of the patellofemoral joint.
[trochlear dysplasia]
The
patellofemoral
(
PF
)
joint
is
a
complex
articulation
,
with
interplay
between
the
osseous
and
soft
tissue
structures
to
maintain
the
balance
between
knee
mobility
and
stability
.
Disorders
of
the
PF
joint
can
be
a
source
of
anterior
knee
pain
(
AKP
)
.
In
this
article
,
radiographic
and
magnetic
resonance
imaging
of
the
PF
joint
are
reviewed
,
including
normal
anatomy
,
imaging
techniques
,
and
imaging-based
measurements
.
Common
imaging
findings
associated
with
AKP
are
reviewed
,
including
symptomatic
normal
variants
,
tendinopathy
,
apophysitis
,
osteoarthritis
,
chondromalacia
patella
,
trochlear
dysplasia
,
excessive
lateralization
of
tibial
tuberosity
,
patellar
maltracking
,
patellar
dislocation
and
fractures
,
anterior
bursitis
,
Morel
-
Lavallée
effusions
,
and
fat
pad
edema
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"edema"
symptom
acute rheumatic fever
adrenomyeloneuropathy
aniridia
cadasil
canavan disease
classical phenylketonuria
coats disease
congenital toxoplasmosis
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal carcinoma
fabry disease
familial mediterranean fever
focal myositis
harlequin ichthyosis
homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria
inclusion body myositis
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
malignant atrophic papulosis
pleomorphic liposarcoma
systemic capillary leak syndrome
trochlear dysplasia
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
This symptom has already been validated