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Scalenus minimus muscle: overestimated or not? An anatomical study.
[thoracic outlet syndrome]
The
wide
range
of
scalenus
minimus
muscle
incidence
reported
in
the
literature
along
with
the
plethora
of
fibromuscular
structures
that
may
appear
in
the
interscalene
triangle
,
having
various
terminologies
,
were
the
reasons
to
conduct
the
present
study
questioning
the
reported
high
incidence
of
this
supernumerary
scalene
muscle
.
Seventy
-
three
Greek
cadavers
were
dissected
and
examined
for
the
presence
of
a
scalenus
minimus
muscle
.
It
was
found
unilaterally
in
three
of
73
(
4
.
11
%
)
cadavers
studied
.
The
literature
review
,
concerning
its
incidence
,
revealed
a
wide
range
between
7
.
8
and
71
.
7
per
cent
,
which
can
not
be
attributed
only
to
racial
variation
.
Thus
,
there
is
a
matter
whether
other
variations
of
the
scalene
muscles
are
considered
as
a
true
scalenus
minimus
muscle
.
Recognition
of
this
muscle
is
important
not
only
for
anatomists
,
but
also
has
clinical
significance
for
the
diagnosis
of
the
thoracic
outlet
syndrome
.
Surgeons
performing
scalenectomy
and
anesthesiologists
during
interscalene
brachial
plexus
block
should
keep
in
mind
the
anatomical
variations
of
this
region
.