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Seizures in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: the relevance of smoking to stroke.
[sneddon syndrome]
To
evaluate
the
frequency
of
seizures
in
primary
antiphospholipid
syndrome
(
PAPS
)
and
their
possible
clinical
and
laboratory
associations
.
Eighty
-
eight
PAPS
patients
(
Sydney
's
criteria
)
were
analyzed
by
a
standard
interview
,
physical
examination
and
review
of
medical
charts
.
Risk
factors
for
seizures
,
clinical
manifestations
,
associated
comorbidities
,
and
antiphospholipid
antibodies
were
evaluated
.
Nine
(
10
.
2
%
)
patients
with
seizures
were
identified
,
77
.
8
%
had
convulsions
onset
after
PAPS
diagnosis
.
Mean
age
,
gender
,
and
race
were
comparable
in
groups
with
or
without
seizures
.
Interestingly
,
a
higher
frequency
of
current
smoking
(
44
.
4
versus
10
.
1
%
,
P
=
0
.
019
)
was
observed
in
the
first
group
.
Stroke
,
Sneddon
's
syndrome
,
and
livedo
reticularis
were
more
frequent
in
PAPS
patients
with
seizures
than
those
without
seizures
,
although
not
statistically
significant
(
P
>
0
.
05
)
.
Comparison
between
patients
with
seizures
onset
after
PAPS
diagnosis
(
n
=
7
)
and
those
without
convulsions
(
n
=
79
)
demonstrated
a
higher
frequency
of
current
smoking
(
42
.
9
versus
10
%
,
P
=
0
.
042
)
and
stroke
in
the
first
group
(
71
.
4
versus
30
.
4
%
,
P
=
0
.
041
)
.
Regression
analysis
confirmed
that
smoking
(
P
=
0
.
030
)
and
stroke
(
P
=
0
.
042
)
were
independently
associated
to
seizures
.
About
10
.
2
%
of
PAPS
patients
had
convulsions
,
predominantly
after
PAPS
diagnosis
,
and
seizures
were
associated
to
current
smoking
and
stroke
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"first group"
symptom
familial mediterranean fever
homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
pendred syndrome
sneddon syndrome
thoracic outlet syndrome
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