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Field assessment of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection in small mammals and its association with the occurrence of human scrub typhus in Taiwan.
[scrub typhus]
We
conducted
an
extensive
study
in
Taiwan
of
Orientia
tsutsugamushi
(
OT
)
infection
in
small
wild
mammals
.
Field
trapping
was
carried
out
at
six
districts
in
eastern
and
western
Taiwan
as
well
as
various
offshore
islands
during
the
period
2006
-
2010
.
A
total
of
1061
specimens
representing
11
rodent
species
were
captured
.
The
presence
of
OT
infection
was
assessed
by
indirect
immunofluorescence
assay
and
polymerase
chain
reaction
assays
of
56
-
kDa
type
-
specific
antigen
gene
.
The
chigger
infestation
rate
among
the
animals
was
35
%
(
371
/
1061
)
.
Among
these
,
OT
was
detected
in
64
%
(
238
/
371
)
of
the
chiggers
from
the
infested
animals
and
in
the
spleens
from
273
(
34
.
3
%
)
of
797
animals
.
Excluding
animals
in
the
Suncus
murinus
group
,
the
antibody
positive
rate
of
scrub
typhus
was
69
.
1
%
(
477
of
690
of
serum
samples
)
.
The
prevalence
of
OT
infection
in
animals
from
areas
with
a
low
incidence
of
human
cases
of
scrub
typhus
was
significantly
lower
than
that
in
rodents
obtained
from
regions
with
a
high
incidence
of
human
cases
of
the
disease
(
44
.
4
%
±
4
.
0
%
vs
.
71
.
2
%
±
9
.
7
%
,
p
<
0
.
001
)
.
In
Taiwan
,
the
prevalence
of
OT
infection
in
wild
rodents
is
considerably
high
and
appears
to
correlate
positively
with
the
occurrence
of
scrub
typhus
in
humans
.