Acetylation changes at lysine 5 of histone H4 associated with lytic gene promoters during reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.

[primary effusion lymphoma]

Kaposi 's sarcoma -associated herpesvirus (KSHV ) is a pathogenic agent of Kaposi 's sarcoma , primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman 's disease in humans . Similarly to other gammaherpesviruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV ) and herpesvirus saimiri (HVS ), KSHV displays two alternative life cycles , latent and lytic one . The transactivation from latency to the lytic phase is the result of transcriptional changes in the KSHV genome caused by the replication and transcriptional activator (RTA ). During KSHV reactivation , epigenetic modifications of histone protein on the viral genome occur , which regulate the transcriptional activation of a number of lytic genes . The reactivation of EBV from latency to lytic cycle , induced by an immediate-early Zta protein , was shown to be accompanied by acetylation of specific lysines in histone H 4 . Accordingly , we hypothesized that the RTA-induced transactivation of KSHV could also be accompanied by histone acetylation . To validate this hypothesis , we assayed alterations of acetyl-histone H 4 -lysine 5 (acH 4 K 5 ) during the RTA-mediated KSHV reactivation . While the modified histone protein in a total cell lysate was not distinguished between control and RTA-expressed cells , upregulated acH 4 K 5 was detected on several lytic gene promoter regions during KSHV reactivation . Our results clearly indicate that this epigenetic change is related to transcription of genes expressed in the lytic cycle of KSHV .

Diseases
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Diseases presenting "several lytic gene promoter regions" symptom

primary effusion lymphoma

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