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Long Non-Coding RNA and Epigenetic Gene Regulation of KSHV.
[primary effusion lymphoma]
Kaposi
's
sarcoma
-associated
herpesvirus
(
KSHV
/
human
herpesvirus
8
)
is
a
γ-herpesvirus
linked
to
Kaposi
's
sarcoma
(
KS
)
and
two
lymphoproliferative
disorders
,
primary
effusion
lymphoma
(
PEL
or
body-cavity
B-
lymphoma
[
BCBL
]
)
and
a
subset
of
Multicentric
Castleman
's
Disease
.
During
lytic
growth
,
pervasive
viral
transcription
generating
a
variety
of
transcripts
with
uncertain
protein-coding
potential
has
been
described
on
a
genome-
wide
scale
in
β-
and
γ-herpesviruses
.
One
class
of
such
RNAs
is
called
long
non-coding
RNAs
(
lncRNAs
)
.
KSHV
encodes
a
viral
lncRNA
known
as
polyadenylated
nuclear
RNA
(
PAN
RNA
)
,
a
copious
early
gene
product
.
PAN
RNA
has
been
implicated
in
KSHV
gene
expression
,
replication
,
and
immune
modulation
.
PAN
RNA
expression
is
required
for
optimal
expression
of
the
entire
KSHV
lytic
gene
expression
program
.
Latent
KSHV
episomes
are
coated
with
viral
latency-associated
nuclear
antigen
(
LANA
)
.
LANA
rapidly
dissociates
from
episomes
during
reactivation
.
Here
we
review
recent
studies
suggesting
that
PAN
RNA
may
function
as
a
viral
lncRNA
,
including
a
role
in
the
facilitation
of
LANA
-episomal
dissociation
during
lytic
replication
.
