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Preventive antiretroviral therapy in non-thalassemia carrier infants exposed to mother-to-child transmission of HIV decreases cord and after delivery red blood production without altering the development of hemoglobin.
[alpha-thalassemia]
Antiretroviral
(
ARV
)
prophylaxis
for
prevention
of
mother
to
child
transmission
(
MTCT
)
of
HIV
could
affect
hemoglobin
(
Hb
)
development
of
infants
.
A
cross-sectional
descriptive
study
was
conducted
in
24
HIV-infected
and
21
HIV-uninfected
pregnancies
.
ARV
drugs
were
administered
to
HIV-infected
pregnancies
at
21
weeks
of
gestational
age
and
at
labor
.
Their
infants
received
zidovudine
(
ZDV
)
until
4
weeks
of
age
.
Blood
samples
of
ARV-exposed
and
-
unexposed
infants
were
collected
at
delivery
,
1
,
2
and
4
months
of
age
.
Molecular
analyses
for
α-thalassemia-
1
Southeast
Asian
(
SEA
)
type
deletion
,
β-thalassemia
mutations
and
Hb
E
were
performed
for
excluding
the
thalassemia
carrier
infants
.
Hemoglobinopathy
and
Hb
A
,
Hb
F
and
Hb
A
2
were
analyzed
by
using
capillary
electrophoresis
(
CE
)
while
hematological
parameters
were
measured
using
an
automated
blood
counter
.
At
delivery
,
1
and
2
months
of
age
,
ARVexposed
infants
had
significantly
lower
levels
of
RBC
counts
than
ARV-unexposed
infants
(
3
.
56
vs
4
.
90
,
2
.
66
vs
4
.
62
and
3
.
01
vs
4
.
05
x
10
(
12
)
/
L
;
P
<
0
.
001
,
<
0
.
001
and
0
.
001
,
respectively
)
.
At
delivery
,
there
was
a
trend
for
low
hemoglobin
level
in
the
group
of
ARV-exposed
infants
as
compared
to
the
group
of
ARV-unexposed
infants
(
149
vs
154
g
/
L
;
P
=
0
.
09
)
and
the
significantly
different
levels
were
observed
among
the
two
groups
at
1
and
2
months
of
age
(
89
vs
136
and
87
vs
110
g
/
L
;
P
<
0
.
001
and
0
.
001
,
respectively
)
.
The
development
of
Hb
A
,
Hb
F
and
Hb
A
2
levels
from
delivery
to
4
months
of
age
among
the
two
groups
was
not
significantly
different
.
Therefore
,
ARV
treatments
for
prevention
of
MTCT
of
HIV
decreased
RBC
counts
and
hemoglobin
but
did
not
alter
the
development
of
Hb
A
,
Hb
F
and
Hb
A
2
of
non-thalassemia
carrier
infants
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"low hemoglobin level in the group"
symptom
alpha-thalassemia
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