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Estimation and correlative study of salivary nitrate and nitrite in tobacco related oral squamous carcinoma and submucous fibrosis.
[oral submucous fibrosis]
Oral
cancer
is
one
of
the
ten
leading
cancers
of
the
world
.
In
India
,
it
is
one
of
the
common
cancers
and
is
an
important
public
health
problem
.
Tobacco
plays
significant
role
in
etiology
of
oral
squamous
carcinoma
.
Tobacco
which
is
chewed
or
smoked
contains
many
alkaloids
which
are
known
carcinogens
.
Oral
submucous
fibrosis
(
OSMF
)
is
a
disease
of
the
Indian
subcontinent
,
which
through
immigration
has
a
worldwide
distribution
.
Betel
nut
chewing
plays
significant
role
in
etiology
of
OSMF
.
The
nut
alkaloids
have
been
shown
experimentally
to
result
in
stimulation
of
collagen
synthesis
by
fibroblasts
in
vitro
,
which
can
induce
precancerous
conditions
.
The
present
study
was
undertaken
to
detect
nitrate
and
nitrite
factor
in
saliva
of
cases
with
oral
carcinoma
,
OSMF
and
normal
individuals
without
any
habits
and
to
determine
whether
increased
salivary
nitrate
and
nitrite
level
is
significant
in
oral
carcinoma
and
submucous
fibrosis
using
biochemical
parameters
.
We
conclude
that
the
major
inducer
of
oral
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(
OSCC
)
is
exposure
to
tobacco
.
Recent
studies
have
demonstrated
that
oxidative
and
nitrosative
stress
contributes
to
the
development
of
oral
carcinogenesis
through
deoxyribonucleic
acid
(
DNA
)
damage
.
Salivary
composition
of
OSCC
patients
is
substantially
altered
with
respect
to
free
radical-involved
mechanisms
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated