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Assessment of cross-sectional thickness and activity of masseter, anterior temporalis and orbicularis oris muscles in oral submucous fibrosis patients and healthy controls: an ultrasonography and electromyography study.
[oral submucous fibrosis]
Oral
submucous
fibrosis
(
OSMF
)
is
an
insidious
chronic
disease
that
is
associated
with
significant
functional
morbidity
and
an
increased
risk
for
malignancy
.
It
initially
affects
the
lamina
propria
of
the
oral
mucosa
,
and
,
as
the
disease
progresses
,
it
involves
the
submucosa
and
deeper
tissue
,
including
muscles
of
the
oral
cavity
,
resulting
in
loss
of
fibroelasticity
.
OSMF
is
a
pre-
malignant
condition
mainly
caused
by
areca
nut
chewing
.
The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
find
out
the
involvement
of
muscles
of
mastication
and
facial
expression
in
patients
with
OSMF
by
assessing
the
cross-sectional
thickness
and
activity
of
the
masseter
,
anterior
temporalis
and
orbicularis
oris
muscles
by
ultrasonography
and
electromyography
and
comparing
with
healthy
controls
and
also
to
find
out
any
correlation
between
the
ultrasonographic
cross-sectional
thicknesses
of
the
masseter
,
anterior
temporalis
and
orbicularis
oris
muscles
with
electromyographic
activity
.
40
patients
with
OSMF
were
included
in
the
study
group
,
and
the
patients
were
divided
into
four
groups
on
the
basis
of
interincisal
mouth
opening
,
i
.
e
.
Group
I
(
mouth
opening
>
35
 
mm
)
,
Group
II
(
mouth
opening
between
30
and
35
 
mm
)
,
Group
III
(
mouth
opening
between
20
and
30
 
mm
)
and
Group
IV
(
mouth
opening
<
20
 
mm
)
.
Ultrasonographic
cross-sectional
thickness
and
electromyographic
activity
(
amplitude
and
duration
)
of
the
masseter
,
anterior
temporalis
and
orbicualris
oris
muscles
were
recorded
in
patients
with
OSMF
and
20
controls
.
Intergroup
comparison
of
ultrasonographic
cross-sectional
thickness
and
activity
(
amplitude
and
duration
)
was
done
,
and
Pearson
's
correlation
coefficient
was
applied
to
find
out
any
relation
between
ultrasonographic
and
electromyographic
findings
.
Thickness
and
activity
of
the
masseter
muscle
was
significantly
reduced
in
Group
IV
(
mouth
opening
<
20
 
mm
)
when
compared
with
the
control
group
.
The
anterior
temporalis
and
orbicularis
oris
muscles
remained
unaffected
.
A
positive
correlation
was
observed
between
the
thicknesses
of
the
masseter
muscle
and
the
amplitude
in
Groups
I
,
II
and
III
;
the
anterior
temporalis
muscle
in
Group
II
and
the
control
group
;
and
the
orbicularis
oris
muscle
in
Groups
II
,
III
and
IV
.
It
was
concluded
that
,
among
the
muscles
studied
,
there
was
an
early
involvement
of
the
masseter
muscle
in
patients
with
OSMF
compared
with
that
of
other
muscles
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"resulting in loss of fibroelasticity"
symptom
oral submucous fibrosis
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