A prenatally diagnosed patient with full monosomy 21: ultrasound, cytogenetic, clinical, molecular, and necropsy findings.

[monosomy 21]

We report on a patient with a full monosomy 21 (FM 21 ) prenatally diagnosed in cord fetal blood , and subsequently confirmed in other tissues . Subtle chromosomal translocations of chromosome 21 , were ruled-out by FISH using both painting and 21 q telomeric probes . Microsatellites analysis demonstrated the paternal origin of the single chromosome . The propositus showed at 32 weeks of gestation a severe intrauterine growth retardation and microcephaly . He was born with multiple congenital malformations , hypotonia , microcephaly , bilateral microphthalmia (more severe on the left ), facial dysmorphism , agenesis of the external auditory meatus , redundant skin in the neck , narrow chest , flat scrotum , cryptorchydism , hypospadias , micropene , camptodactyly , nail hypoplasia , and abnormal palmar and plantar creases . The patient died in the first day of life . At necropsy , micrencephaly , semilobar holoprosencephaly , polimicrogyria , ocular abnormalities , skeletal anomalies , congenital heart disease , and agenesis of right kidney were also observed . To our best knowledge , this case is one of the most completely patient studied with FM 21 .

Diseases
Validation

Diseases presenting "heart disease" symptom

22q11.2 deletion syndrome

achondroplasia

acute rheumatic fever

adrenal incidentaloma

child syndrome

classical phenylketonuria

cohen syndrome

congenital diaphragmatic hernia

dentinogenesis imperfecta

esophageal adenocarcinoma

fabry disease

familial mediterranean fever

heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

hirschsprung disease

holt-oram syndrome

homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria

kabuki syndrome

monosomy 21

omenn syndrome

phenylketonuria

sneddon syndrome

systemic capillary leak syndrome

wiskott-aldrich syndrome

wolf-hirschhorn syndrome

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