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A vibrotactile p300-based brain-computer interface for consciousness detection and communication.
[locked-in syndrome]
Brain
-computer
interface
(
BCI
)
has
been
used
for
many
years
for
communication
in
severely
disabled
patients
.
BCI
based
on
electrophysiological
signals
has
enabled
communication
,
using
auditory
or
visual
stimuli
to
elicit
event-related
potentials
(
ERPs
)
.
The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
determine
whether
patients
with
locked-
in
syndrome
(
LIS
)
could
elicit
a
P
300
wave
,
using
a
vibrotactile
oddball
paradigm
for
establishing
somatosensory
BCI-based
communication
.
Six
chronic
LIS
patients
performed
2
electroencephalography
(
EEG
)
-
based
vibrotactile
P
300
oddball
tasks
.
After
a
simple
mental
counting
task
of
the
target
stimuli
,
participants
were
instructed
to
answer
5
questions
by
counting
the
vibration
on
either
the
right
wrist
for
"
yes
"
or
the
left
wrist
for
"
no
.
"
All
participants
were
able
to
elicit
a
P
300
wave
using
the
vibrotactile
oddball
paradigm
BCI
task
.
In
the
counting
task
,
4
patients
got
accuracies
of
100
%
(
average
above
chance
)
.
In
the
communication
task
,
one
patient
achieved
100
%
accuracy
(
average
above
chance
)
.
We
have
shown
the
feasibility
of
eliciting
a
P
300
response
using
vibrotactile
stimulation
in
patients
with
LIS
.
The
present
study
provides
evidence
that
this
approach
can
be
used
for
EEG-based
BCI
communications
in
this
patient
group
.
This
is
the
first
study
to
prove
the
feasibility
of
a
BCI
based
on
somatosensory
(
vibratory
)
stimulation
in
a
group
of
brain
-injured
patients
.
Furthermore
,
this
approach
could
be
used
for
the
detection
of
consciousness
in
non-communicating
patients
due
to
severe
brain
injuries
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"first study"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
alexander disease
aniridia
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
cowden syndrome
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
erythropoietic protoporphyria
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hirschsprung disease
krabbe disease
locked-in syndrome
oculocutaneous albinism
primary effusion lymphoma
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
zellweger syndrome
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