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Soft-tissue myxomatous lesions: review of salient imaging features with pathologic comparison.
[liposarcoma]
Myxoid
soft
-tissue
lesions
are
a
heterogeneous
group
of
benign
and
malignant
mesenchymal
tumors
with
an
abundance
of
extracellular
mucoid
material
.
These
lesions
may
mimic
cysts
on
radiologic
evaluation
because
of
the
high
water
content
,
and
histopathologic
features
also
overlap
.
Benign
myxoid
lesions
include
intramuscular
myxoma
,
synovial
cyst
,
bursa
,
ganglion
,
and
benign
peripheral
nerve
sheath
tumor
,
including
neurofibroma
and
schwannoma
.
Malignant
entities
include
myxoid
liposarcoma
,
myxoid
leiomyosarcoma
,
myxoid
chondrosarcoma
,
ossifying
fibromyxoid
tumor
,
and
myxofibrosarcoma
.
Some
syndromes
are
associated
with
myxoid
soft
-tissue
lesions
,
such
as
Mazabraud
syndrome
in
patients
with
soft
-tissue
myxomas
and
fibrous
dysplasia
.
Certain
discriminating
features
,
such
as
intralesional
fat
in
a
myxoid
liposarcoma
,
perilesional
edema
and
a
rim
of
fat
in
soft
-tissue
myxoma
,
and
the
swirled
T
2
-
weighted
signal
intensity
and
enhancement
pattern
of
aggressive
angiomyxoma
,
assist
the
radiologist
in
differentiating
these
lesions
.
The
presence
of
an
internal
chondroid
matrix
or
incomplete
peripheral
ossification
may
suggest
myxoid
chondrosarcoma
or
ossifying
fibromyxoid
tumor
,
respectively
.
The
entering-and-exiting-nerve
sign
is
suggestive
of
a
peripheral
nerve
sheath
tumor
.
Communication
with
a
joint
or
tendon
sheath
and
peripheral
enhancement
may
indicate
a
ganglion
or
synovial
cyst
.
This
article
(
a
)
reviews
the
magnetic
resonance
,
computed
tomographic
,
and
ultrasonographic
imaging
characteristics
of
soft
-tissue
myxomatous
lesions
,
emphasizing
imaging
findings
that
can
help
differentiate
benign
and
malignant
lesions
;
(
b
)
presents
differential
diagnoses
;
and
(
c
)
provides
pathologic
correlation
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"ossifying fibromyxoid tumor"
symptom
liposarcoma
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