Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction
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Biofilms: the stronghold of Legionella pneumophila.
[legionellosis]
Legionellosis
is
mostly
caused
by
Legionella
pneumophila
and
is
defined
as
a
severe
respiratory
illness
with
a
case
fatality
rate
ranging
from
5
%
to
80
%
.
L
.
pneumophila
is
ubiquitous
in
natural
and
anthropogenic
water
systems
.
L
.
pneumophila
is
transmitted
by
inhalation
of
contaminated
aerosols
produced
by
a
variety
of
devices
.
While
L
.
pneumophila
replicates
within
environmental
protozoa
,
colonization
and
persistence
in
its
natural
environment
are
also
mediated
by
biofilm
formation
and
colonization
within
multispecies
microbial
communities
.
There
is
now
evidence
that
some
legionellosis
outbreaks
are
correlated
with
the
presence
of
biofilms
.
Thus
,
preventing
biofilm
formation
appears
as
one
of
the
strategies
to
reduce
water
system
contamination
.
However
,
we
lack
information
about
the
chemical
and
biophysical
conditions
,
as
well
as
the
molecular
mechanisms
that
allow
the
production
of
biofilms
by
L
.
pneumophila
.
Here
,
we
discuss
the
molecular
basis
of
biofilm
formation
by
L
.
pneumophila
and
the
roles
of
other
microbial
species
in
L
.
pneumophila
biofilm
colonization
.
In
addition
,
we
discuss
the
protective
roles
of
biofilms
against
current
L
.
pneumophila
sanitation
strategies
along
with
the
initial
data
available
on
the
regulation
of
L
.
pneumophila
biofilm
formation
.
