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Legionella contamination in hospitals of the Campania Region: five years of environmental surveillance results.
[legionellosis]
The
purpose
of
this
study
was
to
assess
the
presence
and
the
distribution
of
Legionella
serotypes
in
50
hospital
facilities
in
the
Campania
Region
(
Italy
)
through
the
sampling
of
their
waters
.
From
January
2008
to
December
2012
,
in
compliance
with
the
Italian
Monitoring
Guidelines
for
Legionellosis
,
4
.
842
water
samples
were
collected
from
the
end
points
of
hot
water
distribution
networks
,
air
conditioning
systems
,
boilers
and
cooling
towers
.
1
.
426
(
29
.
4
%
)
of
the
4
.
842
samples
resulted
positive
for
Legionella
spp
,
with
a
bacterial
average
of
3
.
40
log
10
cfu
/
L
.
The
frequency
of
Legionella
isolation
in
the
specimens
progressively
decreased
during
the
study
(
43
.
8
%
in
2008
vs
22
.
9
%
in
2012
)
.
Samples
from
cooling
towers
(
32
.
7
%
)
,
showers
and
taps
(
31
.
9
%
)
revealed
a
more
frequent
presence
of
the
microorganism
,
although
considerable
bacterial
concentration
variability
was
found
in
all
examined
points
.
A
bacterial
average
of
3
.
33
+
0
.
88
log
10
cfu
/
L
was
detected
in
cooling
towers
,
whereas
the
lowest
values
(
2
.
89
+
0
.
92
cfu
/
L
)
were
found
in
ACSs
.
The
most
frequently
isolated
species
were
L
.
pneumophila
2
-
14
,
detected
in
60
.
6
%
of
positive
samples
.
Within
serotypes
,
types
6
(
23
.
8
%
)
,
8
(
21
.
9
%
)
and
3
(
21
.
4
%
)
resulted
as
being
the
most
representative
.
A
significant
contamination
was
found
in
examined
centers
.
It
is
therefore
advisable
to
systematically
implement
currently
available
surveillance
and
monitoring
strategies
through
the
scrupulous
monitoring
of
systems
as
well
as
through
the
application
of
validated
and
effective
procedures
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"frequently isolated species"
symptom
legionellosis
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