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The role of lipoxygenases in epidermis.
[lamellar ichthyosis]
Lipoxygenases
(
LOX
)
are
key
enzymes
in
the
biosynthesis
of
a
variety
of
highly
active
oxylipins
which
act
as
signaling
molecules
involved
in
the
regulation
of
many
biological
processes
.
LOX
are
also
able
to
oxidize
complex
lipids
and
modify
membrane
structures
leading
to
structural
changes
that
play
a
role
in
the
maturation
and
terminal
differentiation
of
various
cell
types
.
The
mammalian
skin
represents
a
tissue
with
highly
abundant
and
diverse
LOX
metabolism
.
Individual
LOX
isozymes
are
thought
to
play
a
role
in
the
modulation
of
epithelial
proliferation
and
/
or
differentiation
as
well
as
in
inflammation
,
wound
healing
,
inflammatory
skin
diseases
and
cancer
.
Emerging
evidence
indicates
a
structural
function
of
a
particular
LOX
pathway
in
the
maintenance
of
skin
permeability
barrier
.
Loss
-of-function
mutations
in
the
LOX
genes
ALOX
12
B
and
ALOXE
3
have
been
found
to
represent
the
second
most
common
cause
of
autosomal
recessive
congenital
ichthyosis
and
targeted
disruption
of
the
corresponding
LOX
genes
in
mice
resulted
in
neonatal
death
due
to
a
severely
impaired
permeability
barrier
function
.
Recent
data
indicate
that
LOX
action
in
barrier
function
can
be
traced
back
to
the
oxygenation
of
linoleate-containing
ceramides
which
constitutes
an
important
step
in
the
formation
of
the
corneocyte
lipid
envelope
.
This
article
is
part
of
a
Special
Issue
entitled
The
Important
Role
of
Lipids
in
the
Epidermis
and
their
Role
in
the
Formation
and
Maintenance
of
the
Cutaneous
Barrier
.
Guest
Editors
:
Kenneth
R
.
Feingold
and
Peter
Elias
.
