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Effects of tobacco smoking on salivary immunoglobulin levels in immunodeficiency.
[]
Salivary
immunoglobulins
and
albumin
were
analysed
in
smoking
and
non-smoking
immunocompetent
and
immunodeficient
individuals
.
Stimulated
and
unstimulated
saliva
were
compared
as
between
individuals
with
selective
immunoglobulin
A
deficiency
(
IgAd
)
,
common
variable
immunodeficiency
(
CVI
)
and
immunocompetent
individuals
.
Immunocompetent
smokers
showed
increased
levels
of
sIgA
in
unstimulated
saliva
,
when
compared
with
non-smoking
immunocompetent
individuals
.
In
stimulated
saliva
,
the
immunocompetent
smokers
showed
decreased
levels
of
IgG
and
IgM
.
IgAd
smokers
showed
decreased
levels
of
albumin
in
unstimulated
saliva
,
when
compared
with
non-smoking
IgAd
individuals
.
The
non-smoking
individuals
with
IgAd
showed
increased
levels
of
IgM
in
both
unstimulated
and
stimulated
saliva
,
when
compared
with
immunocompetent
smokers
.
The
non-smoking
CVI
individuals
showed
decreased
levels
of
IgG
,
IgA
and
IgM
in
unstimulated
and
stimulated
saliva
,
as
expected
,
when
compared
with
the
same
group
of
immunocompetent
individuals
.
The
decreased
levels
of
albumin
in
unstimulated
saliva
in
IgAd
smokers
and
comparable
to
that
of
the
IgG
non-smoking
IgAd
individuals
support
the
observation
of
locally
produced
immunoglobulins
that
protect
the
oral
mucosa
.
Instead
of
sIgA
,
non-smoking
immunodeficient
individuals
with
IgAd
compensate
with
increased
IgM
levels
in
stimulated
saliva
.
The
increased
levels
of
sIgA
in
unstimulated
saliva
in
immunocompetent
smokers
may
be
a
reflection
of
the
protection
of
the
oral
mucosa
.
