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Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children younger than 2 years of age.
[hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius]
Endoscopic
third
ventriculostomy
(
ETV
)
for
the
treatment
of
hydrocephalus
of
different
etiologies
is
still
controversial
in
children
younger
than
2
years
of
age
.
The
success
rate
of
ETV
in
this
group
of
patients
is
analyzed
in
this
study
.
The
series
consisted
of
21
patients
treated
with
ETV
.
The
mean
age
of
the
patients
was
6
.
7
months
,
ranging
from
9
days
to
15
months
(
16
patients
were
younger
than
1
year
)
.
The
study
included
hydrocephalus
due
to
idiopathic
aqueductal
stenosis
(
eight
)
and
other
congenital
anomalies
(
four
)
as
well
as
posthemorrhagic
(
three
)
and
tumor
-related
occlusive
hydrocephalus
(
three
)
.
Two
patients
presented
with
shunt
infection
and
one
with
a
shunt
failure
.
ETV
was
considered
to
be
successful
when
shunting
could
be
avoided
.
ETV
was
successful
in
nine
patients
,
with
a
mean
follow-up
period
of
26
.
2
months
.
The
procedure
was
successful
in
four
patients
with
idiopathic
aqueductal
stenosis
,
in
two
with
other
congenital
anomalies
,
in
one
posthemorrhagic
,
and
in
two
with
a
tumor
-related
hydrocephalus
.
In
12
patients
,
the
ETV
was
unsuccessful
after
a
mean
follow-up
of
3
.
3
months
.
These
patients
required
a
shunt
.
Ten
of
them
were
less
than
1
year
old
when
ETV
was
performed
.
In
one
tumor
-related
hydrocephalus
,
a
shunt
was
inserted
after
a
meningitis
after
tumor
removal
.
The
success
of
ETV
in
children
younger
than
2
years
of
age
suffering
from
non-
communicating
hydrocephalus
seems
to
be
dependent
on
both
age
and
etiology
.
Our
results
show
an
overall
success
rate
of
43
%
.
In
37
.
5
%
of
the
children
younger
than
1
year
of
age
,
ETV
was
successful
.
ETV
in
patients
with
hydrocephalus
due
to
idiopathic
aqueductal
stenosis
seems
to
be
more
beneficial
than
in
other
causes
of
hydrocephalus
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"hydrocephalus"
symptom
achondroplasia
alexander disease
canavan disease
congenital toxoplasmosis
harlequin ichthyosis
hirschsprung disease
homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria
hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius
krabbe disease
monosomy 21
proteus syndrome
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
This symptom has already been validated
