Congenital heart disease is associated with reduced cortical and hippocampal volume in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

[22q11.2 deletion syndrome]

There is increasing evidence that congenital heart disease (CHD ) affects brain structure , but little is known about the long -term trajectory of brain maturation and its impact on the cognitive development of patients with CHD . We proposed to address this question in a longitudinally-followed cohort of individuals with 22 q 11 .2 deletion syndrome (22 q 11 DS ), the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans .A total of 80 participants were included in this longitudinal analysis . The volumes of thirty-four cortical regions and eight hippocampal regions were measured in each hemisphere with FreeSurfer software . This paper utilized linear mixed modelling to investigate cerebral morphometry and age-related maturational changes of all regions . The effect of CHD was assessed for intercept and slope significance .We observed significant (p Â <Â .05 /34 ) volumetric reductions in patients with CHD compared to patients without in fifteen out of the sixty-eight cortical sub-regions . Similarly , global hippocampal volumes and twelve of the hippocampal sub-regions were significantly smaller (p Â <Â .05 /8 ). The results demonstrate significant absolute volumetric differences , but did not show any significant differences in the way the cortical or hippocampal regions developed over time . There was limited evidence of any effect of the presence of CHD on key cognitive measures .We propose that cerebral hypoperfusion , due to the presence of CHD or its surgery , impairs early cortical and particularly hippocampal growth , potentially due to the damaging effects of stress , but not subsequent maturational processes in children and adolescents .

Diseases
Validation

Diseases presenting "particularly hippocampal growth" symptom

22q11.2 deletion syndrome

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