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Serum galectin-3 levels were associated with proteinuria in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever.
[familial mediterranean fever]
The
most
common
and
pernicious
complication
of
Familial
Mediterranean
fever
(
FMF
)
is
renal
amyloidosis
,
usually
affecting
the
kidneys
,
leading
to
end-
stage
renal
failure
.
FMF
-related
renal
amyloidosis
needed
to
be
diagnosed
early
.
Optimal
colchicine
dose
is
effective
in
preventing
and
reversing
renal
amyloidosis
.
Galectin-
3
,
profibrotic
mediator
,
has
regulatory
functions
in
inflammation
,
fibrosis
and
tumorigenesis
.
Galectin-
3
is
a
strong
prognostic
marker
for
heart
failure
.
Galectin-
3
plays
role
in
diabetic
nephropathy
and
chronic
kidney
disease
.
The
aim
of
the
study
is
to
investigate
whether
galectin-
3
is
related
to
proteinuria
and
amyloidosis
in
FMF
.
Seventy
-
five
FMF
patients
who
have
no
exclusion
criteria
and
healthy
controls
(
n
=
36
)
were
included
.
Serum
galectin-
3
was
measured
and
morning
spot
urine
was
collected
for
determination
of
the
protein
/
creatinine
ratio
(
PCR
)
.
Serum
Galectin-
3
levels
were
significantly
higher
in
FMF
patients
than
the
control
group
[
969
.
66
(
3825
)
pg
/
mL
vs
.
238
(
921
)
pg
/
mL
,
respectively
;
P
<
0
.
001
]
.
We
classified
into
two
groups
:
Group
1
(
n
=
48
)
had
FMF
patients
with
proteniuria
,
Group
2
(
n
=
27
)
had
FMF
patients
without
proteinuria
.
Group
1
had
higher
levels
of
galectin-
3
than
Group
2
[
1106
(
3812
)
pg
/
mL
vs
.
867
.
3
(
1433
)
pg
/
mL
,
P
<
0
.
001
]
.
Galectin-
3
levels
were
correlated
with
PCR
in
whole
group
and
FMF
group
(
r
=
0
.
785
,
P
<
0
.
001
and
r
=
0
.
803
,
P
<
0
.
001
)
.
In
ROC
curve
,
best
cutoff
value
=
581
.
50
pg
/
mL
was
used
to
detect
proteinuria
(
sensitivity
=
91
.
7
%
,
specificity
=
71
.
4
%
,
AUC
=
0
.
879
)
and
optimal
cutoff
value
=
1458
.
00
pg
/
mL
was
an
indicator
of
nephrotic-range
proteinuric
(
sensitivity
=
100
%
,
specificity
=
92
.
1
%
,
AUC
=
0
.
983
)
.
Galectin-
3
is
associated
with
proteinuria
and
renal
amyloidosis
in
FMF
.
Galectin-
3
may
play
role
in
pathogenesis
of
amyloidosis
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"fever"
symptom
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
acute rheumatic fever
alexander disease
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
child syndrome
congenital toxoplasmosis
cushing syndrome
cystinuria
dracunculiasis
erdheim-chester disease
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
familial mediterranean fever
focal myositis
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
lamellar ichthyosis
legionellosis
locked-in syndrome
malignant atrophic papulosis
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
scrub typhus
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
typhoid
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
This symptom has already been validated