Primary hyperparathyroidism in children and adolescents.

[familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia]

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT ) is a common endocrine disorder in adults in whom the typical presentation is incidentally discovered as asymptomatic hypercalcemia . PHPT is much less common in children and adolescents , but has greater morbidity in this age group , as most young patients with PHPT will have symptomatic hypercalcemia or complications such as kidney stones , abdominal pain , and skeletal fragility . An important feature of PHPT in younger patients is the relatively high prevalence of germline inactivating mutations of the CASR gene , which encodes the calcium-sensing receptor . Biallelic CASR mutations cause neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism , a life-threatening condition that presents within days of life with marked hypercalcemia , respiratory distress , failure to thrive , and skeletal demineralization . By contrast , more common heterozygous CASR mutations are generally associated with a benign variant of PHPT termed familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia . Appropriate management of PHPT in children and adolescents requires distinction between familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia , which generally requires no specific treatment , and other forms of PHPT that are best treated by parathyroidectomy .

Diseases
Validation

Diseases presenting "abdominal pain" symptom

22q11.2 deletion syndrome

adrenal incidentaloma

alpha-thalassemia

benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis

carcinoma of the gallbladder

child syndrome

cholangiocarcinoma

congenital diaphragmatic hernia

cushing syndrome

cutaneous mastocytosis

cystinuria

dedifferentiated liposarcoma

erdheim-chester disease

erythropoietic protoporphyria

fabry disease

familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia

familial mediterranean fever

focal myositis

liposarcoma

lymphangioleiomyomatosis

malignant atrophic papulosis

pleomorphic liposarcoma

primary effusion lymphoma

primary hyperoxaluria type 1

proteus syndrome

scrub typhus

sneddon syndrome

systemic capillary leak syndrome

typhoid

von hippel-lindau disease

well-differentiated liposarcoma

This symptom has already been validated