Predicting reading comprehension academic achievement in late adolescents with velo-cardio-facial (22q11.2 deletion) syndrome (VCFS): a longitudinal study.

[22q11.2 deletion syndrome]

The primary objective of the current study was to examine the childhood predictors of adolescent reading comprehension in velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS ). Although much research has focused on mathematics skills among individuals with VCFS , no studies have examined predictors of reading comprehension .69 late adolescents with VCFS , 23 siblings of youth with VCFS and 30 community controls participated in a longitudinal research project and had repeat neuropsychological test batteries and psychiatric evaluations every 3 years . The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-2nd edition (WIAT-II ) Reading Comprehension subtest served as our primary outcome variable .Consistent with previous research , children and adolescents with VCFS had mean reading comprehension scores on the WIAT-II , that were approximately two standard deviations below the mean and word reading scores approximately one standard deviation below the mean . A more novel finding is that relative to both control groups , individuals with VCFS demonstrated a longitudinal decline in reading comprehension abilities yet a slight increase in word reading abilities . In the combined control sample , WISC-III FSIQ , WIAT-II Word Reading , WISC-III Vocabulary and CVLT-C List A Trial 1 accounted for 75 % of the variance in Time 3 WIAT-II Reading Comprehension scores . In the VCFS sample , WISC-III FSIQ , BASC-Teacher Aggression , CVLT-C Intrusions , Tower of London , Visual Span Backwards , WCST Non-perseverative Errors , WIAT-II Word Reading and WISC-III Freedom from Distractibility index accounted for 85 % of the variance in Time 3 WIAT-II Reading Comprehension scores . A principal component analysis with promax rotation computed on the statistically significant Time 1 predictor variables in the VCFS sample resulted in three factors : Word reading decoding /Interference control , Self-Control /Self-Monitoring and Working Memory .Childhood predictors of late adolescent reading comprehension in VCFS differ in some meaningful ways from predictors in the non-VCFS population . These results offer some guidance for how best to consider intervention efforts to improve reading comprehension in the VCFS population .

Diseases
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Diseases presenting "facial syndrome" symptom

22q11.2 deletion syndrome

cohen syndrome

kabuki syndrome

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