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Human papillomavirus burden in different cancers in Iran: a systematic assessment.
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
Certain
types
of
human
papillomaviruses
(
HPVs
)
are
undoubtedly
involved
in
genesis
of
human
malignancies
.
HPV
plays
an
etiological
role
in
cervical
cancer
,
but
also
in
many
vaginal
,
vulvar
,
anal
and
penile
cancers
,
as
well
as
head
and
neck
cancers
.
In
addition
,
a
number
of
non-
malignant
diseases
such
as
genital
warts
and
recurrent
respiratory
papillomatosis
are
attributable
to
HPV
.
Moreover
,
HPV
forms
have
detected
in
several
other
cancers
including
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
,
lung
,
prostate
,
ovarian
,
breast
,
skin
,
colorectal
and
urinary
tract
cancers
,
but
associations
with
etiology
in
these
cases
is
controversial
.
The
aim
of
this
systematic
assessment
was
to
estimate
the
prevalence
of
HPV
infection
and
HPV
types
in
HPV-associated
cancers
,
HPV-related
non-
malignant
diseases
and
in
cancers
that
may
be
associated
with
HPV
in
Iran
.
The
present
investigation
covered
61
studies
on
a
variety
of
cancers
in
Iranian
populations
.
HPV
prevalence
was
77
.
5
%
and
32
.
4
%
in
cervical
cancer
and
head
and
neck
cancers
,
respectively
.
HPV
was
detected
in
23
.
1
%
,
22
.
2
%
,
10
.
4
%
,
30
.
9
%
,
14
%
and
25
.
2
%
of
esophageal
squamous
cell
,
lung
,
prostate
,
urinary
tract
cancers
,
breast
and
skin
cancers
,
respectively
.
HPV
16
and
18
were
the
most
frequent
HPV
types
in
all
cancers
.
The
findings
of
present
study
imply
that
current
HPV
vaccines
for
cervical
cancer
may
decrease
the
burden
of
other
cancers
if
they
are
really
related
to
HPV
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated