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Current advances in esophageal cancer proteomics.
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
We
review
the
current
status
of
proteomics
for
esophageal
cancer
(
EC
)
from
a
clinician
's
viewpoint
.
The
ultimate
goal
of
cancer
proteomics
is
the
improvement
of
clinical
outcome
.
The
proteome
as
a
functional
translation
of
the
genome
is
a
straightforward
representation
of
genomic
mechanisms
that
trigger
carcinogenesis
.
Cancer
proteomics
has
identified
the
mechanisms
of
carcinogenesis
and
tumor
progression
,
detected
biomarker
candidates
for
early
diagnosis
,
and
provided
novel
therapeutic
targets
for
personalized
treatments
.
Our
review
focuses
on
three
major
topics
in
EC
proteomics
:
diagnostics
,
treatment
,
and
molecular
mechanisms
.
We
discuss
the
major
histological
differences
between
EC
types
,
i
.
e
.
,
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
and
adenocarcinoma
,
and
evaluate
the
clinical
significance
of
published
proteomics
studies
,
including
promising
diagnostic
biomarkers
and
novel
therapeutic
targets
,
which
should
be
further
validated
prior
to
launching
clinical
trials
.
Multi-disciplinary
collaborations
between
basic
scientists
,
clinicians
,
and
pathologists
should
be
established
for
inter-institutional
validation
.
In
conclusion
,
EC
proteomics
has
provided
significant
results
,
which
after
thorough
validation
,
should
lead
to
the
development
of
novel
clinical
tools
and
improvement
of
the
clinical
outcome
for
esophageal
cancer
patients
.
This
article
is
part
of
a
Special
Issue
entitled
:
Medical
Proteomics
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"tumor progression"
symptom
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
liposarcoma
pleomorphic liposarcoma
severe combined immunodeficiency
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
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