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Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the inhibitory effects of chemotherapy on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in mice.
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
The
present
study
was
conducted
in
order
to
investigate
the
inhibitory
effects
of
ginsenoside
Rg
3
combined
with
chemotherapy
on
Eca-
109
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(
ESCC
)
in
mice
.
Tumor
xenograft
models
were
established
in
the
right
forelimb
of
20
BALB
/
c
nude
mice
by
subcutaneous
injection
.
The
tumor
-bearing
mice
were
randomly
assigned
to
4
treatment
groups
(
n
=
5
per
group
)
as
follows
:
the
control
group
(
saline
)
,
the
ginsenoside
Rg
3
alone
group
(
6
mg
/
kg
/
day
,
once
a
day
for
3
weeks
)
,
the
chemotherapy
alone
group
(
paclitaxel
10
mg
/
kg
/
day
+
cisplatin
5
mg
/
kg
/
day
on
days
1
,
7
,
14
and
21
)
and
the
chemotherapy
+
Rg
3
group
(
combined
treatment
)
.
The
length
and
width
of
the
tumor
were
directly
measured
with
calipers
at
different
time
points
and
the
tumor
volume
(
cm
(
3
)
)
was
calculated
using
the
formula
0
.
52
×
length
×
width
(
2
)
every
other
day
.
The
mice
were
sacrificed
by
cervical
dislocation
following
completion
of
therapy
,
the
tumors
were
removed
and
weighed
and
the
expression
levels
of
Ki-
67
were
determined
by
immunohistochemistry
.
The
results
indicated
that
the
coadministration
of
ginsenoside
Rg
3
significantly
enhanced
the
inhibitory
effects
of
chemotherapy
on
tumor
growth
.
In
addition
,
the
expression
levels
of
Ki-
67
in
the
chemotherapy
+
Rg
3
group
were
significantly
lower
compared
to
those
in
the
other
3
groups
.
The
chemotherapy
+
Rg
3
group
also
exhibited
the
lowest
microvascular
density
among
all
four
groups
.
These
findings
suggested
that
ginsenoside
Rg
3
may
improve
the
antitumor
efficacy
of
chemotherapy
in
Eca-
109
ESCC
in
mice
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"tumor growth"
symptom
adrenal incidentaloma
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
cowden syndrome
cystinuria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
liposarcoma
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
primary effusion lymphoma
severe combined immunodeficiency
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
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