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Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in six harbor seals (Phoca vitulina spp.).
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
Six
cases
of
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
were
identified
in
six
captive
adult
Pacific
(
Phoca
vitulina
richardsii
;
n
=
2
)
and
Atlantic
(
Phoca
vitulina
concolor
;
n
=
4
)
harbor
seals
.
These
seals
presented
with
intermittent
dysphagia
,
regurgitation
,
inappetence
,
and
abnormal
posturing
.
Common
clinical
pathology
findings
in
these
seals
included
azotemia
,
hyperproteinemia
,
hyperglobulinemia
,
and
leukocytosis
.
Gastrointestinal
endoscopy
commonly
revealed
an
ulcerated
mass
near
the
gastroesophageal
junction
.
Each
seal
was
euthanized
(
n
=
3
)
due
to
poor
prognosis
,
subsequently
died
while
undergoing
an
anesthetic
procedure
(
n
=
2
)
,
or
found
dead
(
n
=
1
)
.
The
diagnosis
of
squamous
cell
carcinoma
was
confirmed
via
biopsy
of
esophageal
mucosa
during
endoscopy
or
histopathologic
examination
of
affected
tissues
after
necropsy
.
On
the
basis
of
clinical
and
postmortem
findings
,
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
should
be
considered
as
a
differential
diagnosis
in
aged
harbor
seals
exhibiting
clinical
signs
of
regurgitation
,
decreased
appetite
or
anorexia
,
vomiting
,
and
/
or
abnormal
posturing
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"azotemia"
symptom
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
typhoid
This symptom has already been validated