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High GPX1 expression promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma invasion, migration, proliferation and cisplatin-resistance but can be reduced by vitamin D.
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
Esophageal
cancer
is
one
of
the
most
common
cancers
worldwide
.
Despite
recent
progress
in
the
development
of
novel
therapies
,
esophageal
carcinoma
remains
an
aggressive
cancer
associated
with
a
poor
prognosis
.
The
glutathione
peroxidase
1
(
GPX
1
)
gene
located
on
chromosome
3
p
21
.
3
is
associated
with
the
cancer
of
several
organs
.
According
to
available
information
,
GPX
1
,
a
gene
downstream
of
NF-κB
,
is
considered
to
exert
adverse
effects
on
tumour
progression
and
enhance
malignancy
in
some
cancers
but
has
not
been
reported
in
esophageal
cancer
.
It
is
also
reported
that
vitamin
D
(
Vit
.
D
)
,
a
widely
used
drug
in
the
clinical
setting
,
could
suppress
GPX
1
expression
through
the
NF-κB
pathway
.
Thus
,
it
is
speculated
that
Vit
.
D
could
reduce
malignancy
in
esophageal
cancer
by
altering
the
NF-κB
pathway
.
In
this
study
,
we
confirmed
our
speculation
by
finding
that
Vit
.
D
,
through
the
inhibition
of
GPX
1
,
decreased
the
migratory
,
invasive
and
proliferative
capabilities
,
as
well
as
cisplatin
resistance
,
in
esophageal
cancer
cells
.
Furthermore
,
when
invasion
and
migration
were
reduced
in
the
GPX
1
-
inhibited
cells
,
the
expression
of
urokinase
type
plasminogen
activator
(
uPA
)
and
matrix
metalloproteinase-
2
(
MMP
2
)
was
also
suppressed
correspondingly
.
Therefore
,
we
believe
that
,
in
esophageal
cancer
cells
,
the
expression
of
GPX
1
can
promote
invasion
,
migration
,
proliferation
and
cisplatin
resistance
,
and
Vit
.
D
can
reduce
the
associated
malignancy
through
the
NF-κB
pathway
.
The
Vit
.
D-
and
NF-κB-mediated
decrease
in
GPX
1
expression
resulted
in
a
decrease
in
MMP
2
-
and
uPA-mediated
invasion
and
migration
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"the cancer of several organs"
symptom
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
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