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Increased level of serum prostaglandin-2 in early stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
Prostaglandin-
2
(
PGE-
2
)
,
one
of
the
products
of
cyclooxygenase-
2
(
COX
-
2
)
induced
catalysis
,
may
play
a
critical
role
in
the
carcinogenesis
of
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(
ESCC
)
.
We
investigated
the
efficacy
of
using
serum
PGE-
2
concentration
as
a
biomarker
for
this
cancer
type
.
Prostaglandin-
2
levels
were
analyzed
in
the
serum
of
65
ESCC
patients
and
in
47
healthy
individuals
.
The
concentrations
of
cyclooxygenase-
2
(
COX
-
2
)
were
measured
in
tumor
tissues
and
normal
tissues
obtained
from
31
surgically
treated
ESCC
patients
.
Serum
PGE-
2
concentration
was
significantly
higher
in
ESCC
patients
than
in
control
patients
(
p
=
0
.
004
)
,
especially
in
the
early
stages
(
I
+
II
)
of
cancer
(
p
<
0
.
0001
)
.
We
observed
significant
inverse
relationships
between
serum
PGE-
2
levels
and
:
tumor
stage
,
primary
tumor
progression
,
lymph
and
distant
metastasis
.
The
COX
-
2
concentration
was
significantly
elevated
in
tumors
as
compared
to
normal
tissues
(
p
=
0
.
008
)
.
A
significant
correlation
between
serum
PGE-
2
and
tumor
COX
-
2
was
observed
(
rho
=
0
.
46
,
p
=
0
.
009
)
.
However
,
ROC
analysis
showed
that
serum
PGE-
2
may
be
a
weak
prognostic
factor
for
ESCC
.
Our
results
suggest
that
an
elevated
concentration
of
serum
PGE-
2
in
the
early
stages
of
cancer
may
possibly
be
associated
with
tumor
initiation
and
cancer
development
in
ESCC
.
The
exact
role
of
these
findings
in
early
detection
of
this
highly
lethal
cancer
requires
further
research
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated