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BTG1 underexpression is an independent prognostic marker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
[esophageal carcinoma]
To
determine
the
expression
and
function
of
B
cell
translocation
gene
1
(
BTG
1
)
in
esophageal
carcinoma
,
esophageal
samples
were
taken
from
cancer
lesions
(
n
 
=
 
74
)
and
adjacent
normal
tissue
(
n
 
=
 
34
)
in
esophageal
cancer
patients
immediately
after
endoscopic
biopsy
.
BTG
1
expression
was
determined
by
immunohistochemistry
and
Western
blotting
.
The
effect
of
BTG
1
overexpression
was
examined
in
vitro
utilizing
a
human
esophageal
cancer
cell
line
ECA-
109
stably
transfected
with
a
recombinant
lentivirus
(
LeBTG
1
cells
)
and
compared
to
empty
vector-transfected
controls
(
LeEmpty
)
.
BTG
1
overexpression
was
verified
by
real-time
reverse
transcriptase
polymerase
chain
reaction
(
RT-PCR
)
and
Western
blot
.
The
expression
of
proteins
involved
in
cell
cycle
regulation
(
cyclin
D
1
)
and
apoptosis
(
Bcl-
2
)
and
cell
migration
(
MMP-
9
)
in
LeBTG
1
cells
was
analyzed
by
Western
blot
.
The
effect
of
BTG
1
overexpression
on
cell
viability
and
proliferation
was
assessed
by
an
MTT
assay
in
LeBTG
1
and
LeEmpty
cells
.
Flow
cytometric
analyses
were
used
to
evaluate
the
effect
of
BTG
1
expression
on
cell
cycle
distribution
and
apoptosis
.
The
migration
and
invasion
potential
of
LeBTG
1
cells
was
examined
by
plating
cells
in
Matrigel-coated
chambers
.
The
level
of
BTG
1
protein
expression
was
found
to
be
significantly
lower
in
esophageal
cancer
tissue
than
normal
tissues
(
P
 
<
 
0
.
05
)
.
Decreased
expression
of
BTG
1
was
significantly
correlated
with
lymph
node
metastasis
,
clinical
stage
,
and
histological
grade
of
patients
with
esophageal
cancer
(
P
 
<
 
0
.
05
)
.
Meanwhile
,
loss
of
BTG
1
expression
correlated
significantly
with
poor
overall
survival
time
by
Kaplan-
Meier
analysis
(
P
 
<
 
0
.
05
)
.
The
result
of
biological
function
shown
that
Eca-
109
cell-transfected
BTG
1
had
a
lower
survival
fraction
,
higher
percentage
of
the
G
0
/
G
1
phases
,
higher
cell
apoptosis
,
significant
decrease
in
migration
and
invasion
,
and
lower
cylin
D
1
,
Bcl-
2
,
and
MMP-
9
protein
expression
compared
with
Eca-
109
cell-untransfected
BTG
1
(
P
 
<
 
0
.
05
)
.
Reduced
BTG
1
expression
is
associated
with
increased
disease
severity
,
suggesting
it
is
a
negative
regulator
of
esophageal
cancer
and
can
serve
as
a
prognostic
indicator
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"adjacent normal tissue"
symptom
esophageal carcinoma
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