Current status and controversies in adrenal incidentalomas.

[adrenal incidentaloma]

Adrenal incidentalomas (AI ) are serendipitously discovered lesions during abdominal imaging studies that need to be investigated for evidence of hormonal hypersecretion and /or malignancy . Because imaging modalities can reliably identify lesions that carry a high risk of malignancy , we focus on the identification of hypersecretory lesions and those with subclinical activity , particularly Cushing syndrome . Because diverse diagnostic tests and cut-offs are employed , the prevalence of hypersecretory AI varies widely , and there is controversy regarding their long -term sequelae . In this article we provide information regarding current radiological means to define the nature of AI , and the most appropriate biochemical tests for delineating hypersecretory states . We also discuss the duration and intensity of AI follow-up as well as the identification of AI that require specific therapeutic intervention .

Diseases
Validation

Diseases presenting "high risk" symptom

22q11.2 deletion syndrome

acute rheumatic fever

adrenal incidentaloma

alpha-thalassemia

aniridia

canavan disease

congenital diaphragmatic hernia

congenital toxoplasmosis

cowden syndrome

cushing syndrome

cutaneous mastocytosis

esophageal adenocarcinoma

esophageal carcinoma

esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

fabry disease

harlequin ichthyosis

heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

hirschsprung disease

hodgkin lymphoma, classical

homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria

hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius

krabbe disease

legionellosis

liposarcoma

locked-in syndrome

oligodontia

oral submucous fibrosis

papillon-lefèvre syndrome

pendred syndrome

phenylketonuria

primary hyperoxaluria type 1

severe combined immunodeficiency

sneddon syndrome

waldenström macroglobulinemia

werner syndrome

You can validate or delete this automatically detected symptom