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Protease-activated receptor (PAR)1, PAR2 and PAR4 expressions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
[esophageal carcinoma]
Here
,
we
used
reverse
transcription-
PCR
(
RT-PCR
)
and
western
blot
to
detect
protease-activated
receptor
(
PAR
)
1
,
PAR
2
and
PAR
4
expression
in
cancer
tissues
and
cell
lines
of
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
,
and
investigated
the
co
-relationship
between
PAR
expression
and
clinic-pathological
data
for
esophageal
cancer
.
The
methylation
of
PAR
4
gene
promoter
involved
in
esophageal
carcinoma
was
also
analyzed
.
By
comparing
the
mRNA
expressions
of
normal
esophageal
tissue
and
human
esophageal
epithelial
cells
(
HEEpiC
)
,
we
found
that
among
the
28
cases
of
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
,
PAR
1
(
60
%
)
and
PAR
2
(
71
%
)
were
elevated
in
17
and
20
cases
,
respectively
,
and
PAR
4
(
68
%
)
expression
was
lowered
in
19
cases
.
Whereas
,
in
human
esophageal
squamous
cells
(
TE-
1
and
TE-
10
)
,
PAR
1
and
PAR
2
expression
was
increased
but
PAR
4
was
decreased
.
Combined
with
clinical
data
,
the
expression
of
PAR
1
in
poorly
differentiated
(
P
=
0
.
016
)
and
middle
and
lower
parts
of
the
esophagus
(
P
=
0
.
016
)
was
higher
;
expression
of
PAR
4
in
poorly
differentiated
carcinoma
was
lower
(
P
=
0
.
049
)
.
Regarding
TE-
1
and
TE-
10
protein
expression
,
we
found
that
in
randomized
esophageal
carcinoma
,
PAR
1
(
P
=
0
.
027
)
and
PAR
2
(
P
=
0
.
039
)
expressions
were
increased
,
but
lowered
for
PAR
4
(
P
=
0
.
0001
)
.
In
HEEpiC
,
TE-
1
,
TE-
10
,
esophageal
and
normal
esophagus
tissue
samples
(
case
No
.
7
)
,
the
frequency
of
methylation
at
the
19
CpG
loci
of
PAR
4
was
35
.
4
%
,
95
.
2
%
,
83
.
8
%
,
62
.
6
%
and
48
.
2
%
,
respectively
.
Our
results
indicate
that
the
expression
of
PAR
1
and
PAR
2
in
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
is
increased
but
PAR
4
is
decreased
.
Hypermethylation
of
the
promoter
of
the
PAR
4
gene
may
contribute
to
reduced
expression
of
PAR
4
in
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"poorly differentiated carcinoma"
symptom
carcinoma of the gallbladder
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
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