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Cytoprotective effects of hydrogen sulfide in novel rat models of non-erosive esophagitis.
[esophageal carcinoma]
Non-erosive
esophagitis
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
condition
of
the
esophagus
and
is
a
form
of
gastroesophageal
reflux
disease
.
There
are
limited
treatment
options
for
non-erosive
esophagitis
,
and
it
often
progresses
to
Barrett
's
esophagus
and
esophageal
carcinoma
.
Hydrogen
sulfide
has
been
demonstrated
to
be
a
critical
mediator
of
gastric
and
intestinal
mucosal
protection
and
repair
.
However
,
roles
for
H
2
S
in
esophageal
mucosal
defence
,
inflammation
and
responses
to
injury
have
not
been
reported
.
We
therefore
examined
the
effects
of
endogenous
and
exogenous
H
2
S
in
rat
models
of
non-erosive
esophagitis
.
Mild
-
and
moderate
-severity
non-erosive
esophagitis
was
induced
in
rats
through
supplementation
of
drinking
water
with
fructose
,
plus
or
minus
exposure
to
water-immersion
stress
.
The
effects
of
inhibitors
of
H
2
S
synthesis
or
of
an
H
2
S
donor
on
severity
of
esophagitis
was
then
examined
,
along
with
changes
in
serum
levels
of
a
pro-
and
an
anti-
inflammatory
cytokine
(
IL
-
17
and
IL
-
10
,
respectively
)
.
Exposure
to
water-immersion
stress
after
consumption
of
the
fructose-supplemented
water
for
28
days
resulted
in
submucosal
esophageal
edema
and
neutrophil
infiltration
and
the
development
of
lesions
in
the
muscular
lamina
and
basal
cell
hyperplasia
.
Inhibition
of
H
2
S
synthesis
resulted
in
significant
exacerbation
of
inflammation
and
injury
.
Serum
levels
of
IL
-
17
were
significantly
elevated
,
while
serum
IL
-
10
levels
were
reduced
.
Treatment
with
an
H
2
S
donor
significantly
reduced
the
severity
of
esophageal
injury
and
inflammation
and
normalized
the
serum
cytokine
levels
.
The
rat
models
used
in
this
study
provide
novel
tools
for
studying
non-erosive
esophagitis
with
a
range
of
severity
.
H
2
S
contributes
significantly
to
mucosal
defence
in
the
esophagus
,
and
H
2
S
donors
may
have
therapeutic
value
in
treating
esophageal
inflammation
and
injury
.
