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A random Abstract
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Epidemiological studies of esophageal cancer in the era of genome-wide association studies.
[esophageal adenocarcinoma]
Esophageal
cancer
(
EC
)
caused
about
395000
deaths
in
2010
.
China
has
the
most
cases
of
EC
and
EC
is
the
fourth
leading
cause
of
cancer
death
in
China
.
Esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(
ESCC
)
is
the
predominant
histologic
type
(
90
%
-
95
%
)
,
while
the
incidence
of
esophageal
adenocarcinoma
(
EAC
)
remains
extremely
low
in
China
.
Traditional
epidemiological
studies
have
revealed
that
environmental
carcinogens
are
risk
factors
for
EC
.
Molecular
epidemiological
studies
revealed
that
susceptibility
to
EC
is
influenced
by
both
environmental
and
genetic
risk
factors
.
Of
all
the
risk
factors
for
EC
,
some
are
associated
with
the
risk
of
ESCC
and
others
with
the
risk
of
EAC
.
However
,
the
details
and
mechanisms
of
risk
factors
involved
in
the
process
for
EC
are
unclear
.
The
advanced
methods
and
techniques
used
in
human
genome
studies
bring
a
great
opportunity
for
researchers
to
explore
and
identify
the
details
of
those
risk
factors
or
susceptibility
genes
involved
in
the
process
of
EC
.
Human
genome
epidemiology
is
a
new
branch
of
epidemiology
,
which
leads
the
epidemiology
study
from
the
molecular
epidemiology
era
to
the
era
of
genome
wide
association
studies
(
GWAS
)
.
Here
we
review
the
epidemiological
studies
of
EC
(
especially
ESCC
)
in
the
era
of
GWAS
,
and
provide
an
overview
of
the
general
risk
factors
and
those
genomic
variants
(
genes
,
SNPs
,
miRNAs
,
proteins
)
involved
in
the
process
of
ESCC
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated
