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Protective effects of β-carotene and melanin against protoporphyrine IX-induced phototoxicity in the photo hen's egg test.
[erythropoietic protoporphyria]
The
aim
of
our
study
was
to
evaluate
the
photoprotective
potential
of
melanin
and
β-carotene
against
protoporphyrine
IX-induced
phototoxicity
via
photo
hen
's
egg
test
.
In
three
independent
test
groups
,
the
yolk
sac
blood
vessel
system
of
hen
's
eggs
was
exposed
to
protoporphyrine
IX
and
irradiated
with
ultraviolet
A
(
UVA
)
.
One
of
the
test
groups
also
received
melanin
to
investigate
its
photoprotective
capacity
;
another
test
group
received
β-carotene
for
the
same
purpose
.
Morphological
changes
and
embryo
lethality
were
recorded
in
these
three
test
groups
for
a
period
of
24
h
.
The
same
parameters
were
obtained
in
five
different
control
groups
.
The
control
groups
exhibited
only
minimal
morphological
changes
and
no
fatalities
.
In
contrast
,
severe
phototoxic
damage
and
a
high
lethality
rate
(
75
%
)
were
observed
in
the
test
group
exposed
to
protoporphyrine
IX
and
UVA
.
Lethality
was
somewhat
lower
in
the
β-carotene
test
group
(
58
%
)
and
was
considerably
lower
in
the
melanin
test
group
(
17
%
)
.
The
photoprotective
potential
against
protoporphyrine
IX-induced
phototoxic
damage
was
moderate
for
β-carotene
and
was
remarkable
for
melanin
.
Given
that
synthetic
melanocyte
stimulating
hormone
(
MSH
)
analogues
induce
a
de
novo
synthesis
of
melanin
without
any
previous
ultraviolet
irradiation
in
human
skin
,
the
application
of
MSH
analogues
might
be
conceived
of
as
'
light
hardening
'
without
light
.
Synthetic
MSH
analogues
thus
may
represent
a
new
promising
therapeutic
option
for
photodermatoses
especially
for
erythropoietic
protoporphyria
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"no fatalities"
symptom
erythropoietic protoporphyria
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