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Progress toward global eradication of dracunculiasis, January 2010-June 2011.
[dracunculiasis]
In
1986
,
the
World
Health
Assembly
(
WHA
)
called
for
the
elimination
of
dracunculiasis
(
Guinea
worm
disease
)
,
a
parasitic
infection
in
humans
caused
by
Dracunculus
medinensis
.
At
the
time
,
an
estimated
3
.
5
million
cases
were
occurring
annually
in
20
countries
in
Africa
and
Asia
,
and
120
million
persons
were
at
risk
for
the
disease
.
Because
of
slow
mobilization
in
countries
with
endemic
disease
,
the
1991
WHA
goal
to
eradicate
dracunculiasis
globally
by
1995
was
not
achieved
.
In
2004
,
WHA
established
a
new
target
date
of
2009
for
global
eradication
;
despite
considerable
progress
,
that
target
date
also
was
not
met
.
This
report
updates
published
and
previously
unpublished
data
and
describes
progress
towards
global
eradication
of
dracunculiasis
since
January
2010
.
The
number
of
indigenous
cases
of
dracunculiasis
worldwide
decreased
44
%
,
from
3
,
185
cases
in
2009
to
1
,
793
in
2010
.
As
of
June
2011
,
dracunculiasis
remained
endemic
in
three
countries
(
Ethiopia
,
Mali
,
and
South
Sudan
)
.
Of
the
814
cases
that
occurred
during
January
-
June
2011
,
a
total
of
801
(
98
%
)
were
reported
from
358
villages
in
South
Sudan
.
By
October
2010
,
Ghana
had
gone
12
months
without
an
indigenous
case
,
thereby
interrupting
transmission
;
Ethiopia
and
Mali
are
close
to
interrupting
transmission
,
as
indicated
by
the
small
and
declining
numbers
of
cases
in
these
two
countries
.
An
outbreak
of
10
cases
was
discovered
in
Chad
in
2010
.
The
current
target
is
to
interrupt
transmission
in
the
remaining
countries
as
soon
as
possible
.
Insecurity
(
e
.
g
.
,
sporadic
violence
or
civil
unrest
)
in
areas
of
South
Sudan
and
Mali
,
where
dracunculiasis
is
endemic
,
poses
the
greatest
threat
to
the
success
of
the
global
dracunculiasis
eradication
campaign
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"dracunculus medinensis"
symptom
dracunculiasis
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