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Clinical manifestations and etiology of renal stones in children less than 14 years age.
[cystinuria]
Urolithiasis
is
one
of
the
commonest
problems
in
pediatric
nephrology
.
Prevalence
of
urolithiasis
in
pediatric
patients
is
increasing
.
The
purpose
was
to
properly
diagnose
and
treat
with
the
special
attention
to
the
risk
factors
.
This
study
is
case-series
and
was
performed
on
100
pediatric
patients
for
evaluation
of
clinical
manifestation
and
etiology
of
renal
stone
in
Qom
.
Hundred
Children
,
fewer
than
14
years
old
with
mean
age
of
3
.
32
years
,
were
included
(
54
%
male
)
.
Etiology
of
urolithiasis
in
5
%
was
unclear
.
Metabolic
disorders
found
in
patients
were
mainly
:
Hypocitraturia
in
54
,
hyperoxaluria
in
14
,
hyperuricosuria
in
25
,
cystinuria
in
6
,
hypercalciuria
in
28
and
phosphaturia
in
8
patients
.
The
main
clinical
presentation
was
fever
,
pain
,
irritability
,
dysuria
and
hematuria
.
Family
history
of
urolithiasis
was
found
in
23
%
of
patients
and
54
%
presented
with
urinary
tract
infection
(
UTI
)
.
We
conclude
that
majority
of
patients
were
symptomatic
and
hypocitraturia
was
the
commenest
risk
factor
among
others
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"fever"
symptom
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
acute rheumatic fever
alexander disease
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
child syndrome
congenital toxoplasmosis
cushing syndrome
cystinuria
dracunculiasis
erdheim-chester disease
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
familial mediterranean fever
focal myositis
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
lamellar ichthyosis
legionellosis
locked-in syndrome
malignant atrophic papulosis
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
scrub typhus
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
typhoid
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
This symptom has already been validated
