Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction
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Different antibiotic treatments for group A streptococcal pharyngitis.
[acute rheumatic fever]
Antibiotics
provide
only
modest
benefit
in
treating
sore
throat
,
although
effectiveness
increases
in
participants
with
positive
throat
swabs
for
group
A
beta
-haemolytic
streptococci
(
GABHS
)
.
It
is
unclear
which
antibiotic
is
the
best
choice
if
antibiotics
are
indicated
.
To
assess
the
evidence
on
the
comparative
efficacy
of
different
antibiotics
in
:
(
a
)
alleviating
symptoms
(
pain
,
fever
)
;
(
b
)
shortening
the
duration
of
the
illness
;
(
c
)
preventing
relapse
;
and
(
d
)
preventing
complications
(
suppurative
complications
,
acute
rheumatic
fever
,
post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis
)
.
To
assess
the
evidence
on
the
comparative
incidence
of
adverse
effects
and
the
risk-benefit
of
antibiotic
treatment
for
streptococcal
pharyngitis
.
We
searched
CENTRAL
2012
,
Issue
10
,
MEDLINE
(
1966
to
October
week
2
,
2012
)
,
EMBASE
(
1974
to
October
2012
)
and
Web
of
Science
(
2010
to
October
2012
)
.
Randomised
,
double
-blind
trials
comparing
different
antibiotics
and
reporting
at
least
one
of
the
following
:
clinical
cure
,
clinical
relapse
,
complications
,
adverse
events
.
Two
authors
independently
screened
trials
for
inclusion
and
extracted
data
.
Seventeen
trials
(
5352
participants
)
were
included
;
16
compared
with
penicillin
(
six
with
cephalosporins
,
six
with
macrolides
,
three
with
carbacephem
and
one
with
sulfonamides
)
,
one
trial
compared
clindamycin
and
ampicillin
.
Randomisation
reporting
,
allocation
concealment
and
blinding
were
poor
.
There
was
no
difference
in
symptom
resolution
between
cephalosporins
and
penicillin
(
intention-
to
-treat
(
ITT
)
analysis
;
N
=
5
;
n
=
2018
;
odds
ratio
for
absence
of
resolution
of
symptoms
(
OR
)
0
.
79
,
95
%
confidence
interval
(
CI
)
0
.
55
to
1
.
12
)
.
Clinical
relapse
was
lower
with
cephalosporins
(
N
=
4
;
n
=
1386
;
OR
0
.
55
,
95
%
CI
0
.
31
to
0
.
99
;
overall
number
needed
to
treat
to
benefit
(
NNTB
)
50
)
,
but
found
only
in
adults
(
OR
0
.
42
,
95
%
CI
0
.
20
to
0
.
88
;
NNTB
33
)
.
There
were
no
differences
between
macrolides
and
penicillin
.
Carbacephem
showed
better
symptom
resolution
post-treatment
(
N
=
3
;
n
=
795
;
OR
0
.
70
,
95
%
CI
0
.
49
to
0
.
99
;
NNTB
14
)
,
but
only
in
children
(
N
=
2
;
n
=
233
;
OR
0
.
57
,
95
%
CI
0
.
33
to
0
.
99
;
NNTB
8
.
3
)
.
Children
experienced
more
adverse
events
with
macrolides
(
N
=
1
,
n
=
489
;
OR
2
.
33
;
95
%
CI
1
.
06
to
5
.
15
)
.
Evidence
is
insufficient
to
show
clinically
meaningful
differences
between
antibiotics
for
GABHS
tonsillopharyngitis
.
Limited
evidence
in
adults
suggests
cephalosporins
are
more
effective
than
penicillin
for
relapse
,
but
the
NNTB
is
high
.
Limited
evidence
in
children
suggests
carbacephem
is
more
effective
for
symptom
resolution
.
Data
on
complications
are
too
scarce
to
draw
conclusions
.
Based
on
these
results
and
considering
the
low
cost
and
absence
of
resistance
,
penicillin
can
still
be
recommended
as
first
choice
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"pain"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
adrenomyeloneuropathy
aniridia
aromatase deficiency
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
congenital toxoplasmosis
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
cystinuria
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dentin dysplasia
dracunculiasis
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
fabry disease
familial mediterranean fever
focal myositis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
holt-oram syndrome
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
malignant atrophic papulosis
neuralgic amyotrophy
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
phenylketonuria
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary hyperoxaluria type 1
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
scrub typhus
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
thoracic outlet syndrome
trochlear dysplasia
typhoid
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
This symptom has already been validated