[Impacted ureteral stents with cystine encrustation in cystinuric patients : report of two cases].

[cystinuria]

A 23 -year -old man and a 62 -year -old man suffering from cystinuria underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL ) for right renal stone and left ureteral stone , respectively . They had double -J stents placed before ESWL , but since attempts to retrieve the stents were unsuccessful due to encrustation , they were referred to our clinic . Multimodal endourologic and open approaches including ESWL , transurethral ureterolithotripsy , and pyelolithotomy were required to render them stent- and stone-free . The guidelines do not recommend routine stenting before ESWL ; therefore , the indication and duration of indwelling stents should be minimized . Multimodal options including not only ESWL and endoscopic surgery but also open surgery , should be attempted for the management of encrusted stents . Close monitoring and follow up are important to the prevent complications of ureteral stents .