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All subunits of the interleukin-2 receptor are expressed by canine cutaneous mast cell tumours.
[cutaneous mastocytosis]
Cutaneous
mast
cell
tumours
(
MCTs
)
are
among
the
most
important
skin
tumours
in
dogs
.
Apart
from
c-
KIT
mutations
,
which
are
present
in
<
18
%
of
MCTs
,
little
is
known
of
the
mechanisms
of
MCT
development
and
independent
growth
of
tumour
cells
.
Recently
,
the
α-subunit
(
CD
2
5
)
of
the
interleukin
(
IL
)
-
2
receptor
(
IL
-
2
R
)
has
been
found
to
be
expressed
by
canine
cutaneous
MCTs
and
this
expression
is
negatively
correlated
with
tumour
grade
.
We
thus
hypothesized
that
the
other
two
subunits
of
the
IL
-
2
R
and
the
ligand
IL
-
2
are
also
expressed
and
that
IL
-
2
-
dependent
pathways
may
have
an
impact
on
MCT
development
and
independent
tumour
cell
growth
.
Messenger
RNA
and
protein
expression
levels
of
the
IL
-
2
R
β-subunit
(
CD
122
)
,
the
IL
-
2
R
γ-subunit
(
CD
132
)
and
IL
-
2
were
analyzed
in
canine
cutaneous
MCTs
and
compared
with
tumour
grade
and
c-
KIT
mutation
status
.
Eighty
-
six
percent
of
the
tumours
expressed
both
subunits
of
the
IL
-
2
R
and
64
%
expressed
IL
-
2
.
In
addition
,
neoplastic
mast
cells
seem
able
to
bind
IL
-
2
.
IL
-
2
R
γ
and
IL
-
2
protein
expression
levels
were
significantly
decreased
in
higher
grade
tumours
and
IL
-
2
expression
was
significantly
decreased
in
c-
KIT
mutated
tumours
.
Thus
,
expression
of
the
complete
IL
-
2
R
and
its
ligand
by
canine
cutaneous
MCTs
indicates
a
potential
impact
of
IL
-
2
R
signalling
in
MCT
development
and
tumour
cell
proliferation
.
The
decrease
in
IL
-
2
R
expression
with
increasing
histological
evidence
of
malignancy
suggests
that
the
IL
-
2
R
may
be
more
relevant
for
early
MCT
development
and
well-differentiated
tumours
.