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Nonconformity in the clinical practice guidelines for subclinical Cushing's syndrome: which guidelines are trustworthy?
[cushing syndrome]
This
study
aimed
to
systematically
evaluate
the
quality
of
clinical
practice
guidelines
(
CPGs
)
and
to
compare
their
recommendations
for
managing
subclinical
Cushing
's
syndrome
(
SCS
)
to
assist
practitioners
in
making
rapid
clinical
decisions
.
SCS
management
guidelines
were
retrieved
from
electronic
databases
.
The
Appraisal
of
Guidelines
Research
and
Evaluation
II
(
AGREE-
II
)
tool
and
the
Institute
of
Medicine
(
IOM
)
criteria
were
used
to
evaluate
the
quality
of
the
selected
guidelines
.
In
addition
,
we
further
compared
recommendations
,
cited
references
and
levels
of
evidence
between
the
SCS
management
guidelines
.
We
included
five
guidelines
that
were
obtained
through
the
literature
selection
process
.
On
the
basis
of
the
AGREE-
II
and
IOM
criteria
,
none
of
the
selected
guidelines
were
satisfactory
in
all
aspects
.
However
,
the
Italian
Association
of
Clinical
Endocrinologists
(
IACE
)
guidelines
demonstrated
slightly
higher
scores
than
did
the
other
guidelines
,
so
this
guideline
was
recommended
(
with
certain
modifications
for
several
domains
)
.
Regarding
the
content
of
the
CPGs
,
we
found
considerable
differences
in
the
recommendations
for
managing
SCS
.
These
differences
were
derived
from
citation
selection
bias
,
evidence
interpretation
bias
,
differences
in
the
composition
of
the
guidelines
'
workgroups
and
the
omission
of
guidelines
for
updating
and
externally
reviewing
the
recommendations
.
There
is
generally
poor
guideline
quality
among
different
organisations
,
and
remarkable
differences
exist
in
the
recommendations
for
the
same
clinical
subject
.
Therefore
,
future
guideline
development
should
be
performed
in
strict
accordance
with
the
AGREE-
II
and
IOM
criteria
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"generally poor guideline quality"
symptom
cushing syndrome
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