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Thyroid disease associated with Cowden syndrome: A meta-analysis.
[cowden syndrome]
We
investigated
the
pathology
and
surgical
management
of
thyroid
disease
in
patients
with
Cowden
syndrome
(
CS
)
.
A
query
of
the
PubMed
database
between
2001
and
January
2010
was
performed
using
the
terms
"
cowden
syndrome
OR
cowden
's
syndrome
OR
cowden
disease
OR
cowden
's
disease
.
"
Original
articles
,
reviews
,
case
reports
,
and
case
series
were
included
.
Articles
were
excluded
if
they
were
not
written
in
English
,
did
not
present
case
/
cases
of
CS
,
or
did
not
include
patient
information
to
qualify
for
a
diagnosis
of
CS
.
Ninety
-
five
articles
met
the
inclusion
and
exclusion
criteria
.
A
total
of
181
cases
were
analyzed
.
Of
the
181
patients
,
99
female
(
54
.
7
%
)
and
77
male
patients
(
42
.
5
%
)
had
sex
reported
.
The
age
at
presentation
ranged
from
3
days
to
78
years
.
Ninety
-
six
patients
(
96
/
181
,
53
.
0
%
)
were
reported
to
have
thyroid
disease
.
Surgical
management
of
thyroid
disease
was
performed
in
80
.
2
%
(
77
/
96
)
of
patients
with
thyroid
disease
,
with
total
thyroidectomy
being
the
most
common
operation
reported
(
23
/
77
,
29
.
9
%
)
.
Thyroid
pathology
reported
with
CS
patients
included
goiter
(
39
/
96
,
40
.
6
%
)
,
adenoma
(
24
/
96
,
25
%
)
,
unknown
/
unspecified
pathology
(
8
/
96
,
8
.
3
%
)
,
follicular
carcinoma
(
7
/
96
,
7
.
3
%
)
,
thyroiditis
(
7
/
96
,
7
.
3
%
)
,
papillary
carcinoma
(
6
/
96
,
6
.
3
%
)
,
cancer
(
unknown
type
)
(
3
/
96
,
3
.
1
%
)
,
medullary
carcinoma
(
1
/
96
,
1
%
)
,
and
hyperthyroidism
(
1
/
96
,
1
%
)
.
Careful
monitoring
of
thyroid
disease
in
CS
patients
is
imperative
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"hyperthyroidism"
symptom
cowden syndrome
erythropoietic protoporphyria
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
pendred syndrome
proteus syndrome
This symptom has already been validated