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Transcript Profile of Cellular Senescence-related Genes in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.
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Fuchs
endothelial
corneal
dystrophy
(
FECD
)
is
a
genetically
heterogeneous
disease
.
Hypothesizing
that
cellular
senescence
may
be
relevant
in
FECD
pathogenesis
,
genetically
undifferentiated
late-onset
FECD
endothelial
samples
were
analyzed
to
identify
common
changes
of
specific
senescence-related
transcripts
.
Total
RNA
was
extracted
from
21
FECD
endothelial
samples
retrieved
from
patients
undergoing
lamellar
keratoplasty
due
to
clinically
diagnosed
end-
stage
FECD
and
from
12
endothelial
samples
retrieved
from
normal
autopsy
eyes
.
Taqman
low
density
array
(
TLDA
)
cards
were
used
to
analyze
differential
expression
of
89
cellular
senescence-related
transcripts
.
Result
validation
was
performed
using
individual
real-time
PCR
assays
.
TLDA-analysis
demonstrated
differential
expression
of
31
transcripts
(
fold-
change
>
1
.
5
;
p
<
0
.
05
)
.
Thereof
,
27
showed
significant
up-regulation
and
4
significant
down-regulation
.
Markedly
elevated
mRNA-levels
of
the
constitutively
active
and
reactive
oxygen
species-generating
enzyme
NOX
4
were
found
in
all
evaluable
FECD
samples
.
In
addition
,
increased
expression
of
CDKN
2
A
and
its
transcriptional
activators
ETS
1
and
ARHGAP
18
(
SENEX
)
along
with
decreased
expression
of
CDKN
2
A
inhibitor
ID
1
were
detected
in
FECD
samples
.
Consistent
over-expression
of
NOX
4
in
FECD
endothelial
samples
suggests
a
role
as
pathogenic
factor
and
as
a
potential
new
treatment
target
in
FECD
.
Transcriptional
up-regulation
of
the
CDKN
2
A
-
pathway
provides
further
evidence
for
increased
cellular
senescence
in
FECD
endothelium
.