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[Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and immune status of pregnant women: cause and effect?].
[congenital toxoplasmosis]
Human
infection
with
the
protozoan
parasite
Toxoplasma
gondii
is
found
world-
wide
.
The
differences
in
prevalence
across
the
countries
may
be
ascribed
to
variations
in
hygiene
and
eating
habits
.
To
identify
preventable
risk
factors
for
Toxoplasma
gondii
infection
in
pregnancy
through
a
transversal
study
achieved
in
the
laboratory
of
Parasitology
Mycology
of
Rabta
including
all
pregnant
women
referred
to
the
laboratory
between
March
2010
and
February
2011
to
serological
testing
for
toxoplasmosis
methods
:
The
age
,
the
stage
of
the
current
pregnancy
and
exposures
to
potential
risk
factors
associated
with
Toxoplasma
infection
were
collected
by
a
questionnaire
.
An
analysis
with
SPSS
and
chi
-square
was
used
to
analyse
exposure
frequencies
for
each
risk
factor
variable
.
A
total
of
2351
women
were
included
.
The
median
age
of
the
pregnany
women
was
29
.
4
years
(
range
,
16
-
48
years
)
.
In
all
,
47
.
7
%
of
them
were
seropositive
.
Seropositivity
for
toxoplasmosis
was
significantly
associated
with
eating
undercooked
meat
(
p
=
0
.
002
)
and
eating
miswashed
vegetables
(
p
=
0
.
003
)
.
However
,
the
other
factors
(
contact
with
cats
,
cleaning
the
cat
litter
box
,
washing
the
hands
after
preparation
of
raw
meat
,
contact
with
the
ground
)
were
found
to
be
independently
associated
with
seropositivity
toxoplasmosis
.
In
Tunisia
,
there
is
still
no
prevention
program
toxoplasmosis
well
structured
.
Health
education
on
avoidance
of
maternal
infection
is
an
important
aspect
of
any
program
for
prevention
of
congenital
toxoplasmosis
.
