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It is not only the cat that did it: how to prevent and treat congenital toxoplasmosis.
[congenital toxoplasmosis]
The
apicomplexan
parasite
Toxoplasma
gondii
was
discovered
a
little
over
one
hundred
years
ago
and
was
soon
recognized
as
a
pathogen
responsible
for
congenital
infection
.
But
detailed
understanding
of
its
epidemiology
emerged
only
after
1970
with
the
discovery
of
its
life
cycle
.
In
the
last
ten
years
,
high
resolution
molecular
tools
have
allowed
the
characterization
of
various
strain
types
with
different
virulence
patterns
,
and
current
studies
are
exploring
the
distribution
of
these
different
genotypes
.
In
parallel
,
sophisticated
diagnostic
tools
have
been
developed
and
awareness
of
disease
burden
has
led
some
European
countries
with
high
prevalence
rates
to
implement
screening
of
pregnant
women
.
In
this
article
,
the
screening
options
and
therapies
used
to
prevent
congenital
toxoplasmosis
are
dissected
in
the
light
of
recent
data
from
cohort
studies
and
other
epidemiological
data
.
