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Diclazuril Protects against Maternal Gastrointestinal Syndrome and Congenital Toxoplasmosis.
[congenital toxoplasmosis]
Toxoplasmosis
is
a
common
cause
of
foodborne
,
gastrointestinal
and
congenital
syndrome
with
particularly
severe
or
unknown
health
consequences
.
There
is
no
safe
and
effective
preventive
or
therapeutic
modality
against
congenital
toxoplasmosis
or
to
eliminate
the
persistent
chronic
infection
.
Diclazuril
to
be
safe
in
pregnancy
and
effective
against
gastrointestinal
toxoplasmosis
.
CD
1
programmed
pregnant
mice
were
divided
into
groups
and
administered
a
diet
containing
diclazuril
,
or
sham
control
.
Treatments
were
initiated
on
Day
5
of
pregnancy
and
continued
until
Day
16
when
dams
were
euthanatized
.
On
Day
8
of
pregnancy
dams
were
infected
intraperitoneally
with
escalating
doses
of
tachyzoites
(
0
,
100
,
300
,
600
)
from
Type
II
strain
.
Dams
were
monitored
daily
for
distress
,
pain
,
and
abortion
and
samples
collected
at
the
end
of
the
experiments
.
Infected
dams
developed
moderate
to
severe
Toxoplasma
related
complications
in
tachyzoites
dose
dependent
manner
.
Animals
became
anemic
and
showed
hydrothorax
,
and
ascities
.
Diclazuril
effectively
protected
dams
from
ascities
and
anemia
(
p
<
0
.
05
)
.
Infected
dams
showed
splenomegaly
,
with
massive
infiltration
of
epithelioid
cells
compared
with
the
protective
effect
of
diclazuril
in
treated
animals
.
Infected
dams
exhibited
severe
hepatitis
(
score
0
to
4
scale
=
3
.
5
±
0
.
01
)
with
influx
of
inflammatory
and
plasma
cells
,
dysplastic
hepatocytes
,
multinucleated
giant
cell
transformation
and
hepatic
cells
necrosis
.
Diclazuril
treatment
significantly
protected
dams
from
hepatitis
,
also
in
tachyzoites
dose
(
100
,
300
,
600
)
dependent
manner
(
respectively
infected-treated
versus
infected
controls
,
p
<
0
.
001
,
p
<
0
.
01
and
p
<
0
.
05
)
.
Colonic
tissues
were
significantly
shortened
in
length
,
with
infiltration
of
lymphocytes
,
and
macrophages
and
microabscess
formations
in
the
cryptic
structures
,
with
significant
improvement
in
diclazuril
treated
animals
.
Additionally
,
the
number
of
fetuses
,
fetal
length
and
fetal
weight
were
preserved
in
diclazuril
treated
dams
.
This
is
the
first
report
describing
of
diclazuril
safety
in
pregnancy
as
well
as
efficacy
against
mild
to
moderate
hepato-
gastrointestinal
syndrome
in
dams
and
fetal
toxoplasmosis
(
Special
issue
,
"
Treatment
of
Liver
Diseases
"
)
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"effectively protected dams"
symptom
congenital toxoplasmosis
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