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The global burden of listeriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
[congenital toxoplasmosis]
Listeriosis
,
caused
by
Listeria
monocytogenes
,
is
an
important
foodborne
disease
that
can
be
difficult
to
control
and
commonly
results
in
severe
clinical
outcomes
.
We
aimed
to
provide
the
first
estimates
of
global
numbers
of
illnesses
,
deaths
,
and
disability-adjusted
life-
years
(
DALYs
)
due
to
listeriosis
,
by
synthesising
information
and
knowledge
through
a
systematic
review
.
We
retrieved
data
on
listeriosis
through
a
systematic
review
of
peer
-reviewed
and
grey
literature
(
published
in
1990
-
2012
)
.
We
excluded
incidence
data
from
before
1990
from
the
analysis
.
We
reviewed
national
surveillance
data
where
available
.
We
did
a
multilevel
meta
-analysis
to
impute
missing
country-
specific
listeriosis
incidence
rates
.
We
used
a
meta
-regression
to
calculate
the
proportions
of
health
states
,
and
a
Monte
Carlo
simulation
to
generate
DALYs
by
WHO
subregion
.
We
screened
11
722
references
and
identified
87
eligible
studies
containing
listeriosis
data
for
inclusion
in
the
meta
-analyses
.
We
estimated
that
,
in
2010
,
listeriosis
resulted
in
23
150
illnesses
(
95
%
credible
interval
6061
-
91
247
)
,
5463
deaths
(
1401
-
21
497
)
,
and
172
823
DALYs
(
44
079
-
676
465
)
.
The
proportion
of
perinatal
cases
was
20
·
7
%
(
SD
1
·
7
)
.
Our
quantification
of
the
global
burden
of
listeriosis
will
enable
international
prioritisation
exercises
.
The
number
of
DALYs
due
to
listeriosis
was
lower
than
those
due
to
congenital
toxoplasmosis
but
accords
with
those
due
to
echinococcosis
.
Urgent
efforts
are
needed
to
fill
the
missing
data
in
developing
countries
.
We
were
unable
to
identify
incidence
data
for
the
AFRO
,
EMRO
,
and
SEARO
WHO
regions
.
WHO
Foodborne
Diseases
Epidemiology
Reference
Group
and
the
Université
catholique
de
Louvain
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"global numbers"
symptom
congenital toxoplasmosis
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